Determining spin-torque efficiency in ferromagnetic metals via spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance

Spin current generated in a ferromagnetic metal (FM) can be divided into two types. While one is magnetization dependent and induced by the well-known anomalous Hall effect, the other is a magnetization-independent spin Hall effect which is similar to that in a paramagnetic heavy metal (HM). Here, w...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Physical review. B 2020-02, Vol.101 (6), p.1, Article 064412
Main Authors: Yang, W. L., Wei, J. W., Wan, C. H., Xing, Y. W., Yan, Z. R., Wang, X., Fang, C., Guo, C. Y., Yu, G. Q., Han, X. F.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Efficiency
Electromagnetism
Ferromagnetic resonance
Ferromagnetism
Hall effect
Heavy metals
Heterostructures
Intermetallic compounds
Iron compounds
Magnetism
Magnetization
Nickel compounds
Spintronics
Torque
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Summary:Spin current generated in a ferromagnetic metal (FM) can be divided into two types. While one is magnetization dependent and induced by the well-known anomalous Hall effect, the other is a magnetization-independent spin Hall effect which is similar to that in a paramagnetic heavy metal (HM). Here, we study the magnetization-independent spin Hall current in YIG/FM (NiFe and CoFeB) via spin-torque ferromagnetic resonance (ST-FMR) technique. Our experiments reveal the existence of a magnetization-independent spin current. Although there is a strong exchange interaction in FM, the spin current does not dephase as quickly as expected. Furthermore, we estimate the spin-torque efficiency ξ of NiFe was 0.009, which is about 25% of the spin-torque efficiency of Pt. These results indicate that the spin Hall effect of FM should also be taken into account when investigating FM/HM heterostructures, and furthermore this effect can also benefit from the development of spin-orbit torque devices.
ISSN:2469-9950
2469-9969
DOI:10.1103/PhysRevB.101.064412