Tin Halide Perovskites: Progress and Challenges

The chemical composition engineering of lead halide perovskites via a partial or complete replacement of toxic Pb with tin has been widely reported as a feasible process due to the suitable ionic radius of Sn and its possibility of existing in the +2 state. Interestingly, a complete replacement narr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced energy materials 2020-04, Vol.10 (13), p.n/a
Main Authors: Yang, Wen‐Fan, Igbari, Femi, Lou, Yan‐Hui, Wang, Zhao‐Kui, Liao, Liang‐Sheng
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chemical composition
Energy gap
Lead compounds
Metal halides
Perovskites
Photovoltaic cells
Properties (attributes)
stability
Thin films
Tin
tin halide perovskites
toxicity
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Summary:The chemical composition engineering of lead halide perovskites via a partial or complete replacement of toxic Pb with tin has been widely reported as a feasible process due to the suitable ionic radius of Sn and its possibility of existing in the +2 state. Interestingly, a complete replacement narrows the bandgap while a partial replacement gives an anomalous phenomenon involving a further narrowing of bandgap relative to the pure Pb and Sn halide perovskite compounds. Unfortunately, the merits of this anomalous behavior have not been properly harnessed. Although promising progress has been made to advance the properties and performance of Sn‐based perovskite systems, their photovoltaic (PV) parameters are still significantly inferior to those of the Pb‐based analogs. This review summarizes the current progress and challenges in the preparation, morphological and photophysical properties of Sn‐based halide perovskites, and how these affect their PV performance. Although it can be argued that the Pb halide perovskite systems may remain the most sought after technology in the field of thin film perovskite PV, prospective research directions are suggested to advance the properties of Sn halide perovskite materials for improved device performance. The replacement of lead with tin in halide perovskites is feasible due to suitable ionic radius and valency. However, easy oxidation, high cost and toxicity concerns in Sn halide perovskite systems may limit the consideration of Sn as a suitable alternative to Pb.
ISSN:1614-6832
1614-6840
DOI:10.1002/aenm.201902584