High-Speed Forming of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics

• Published in: Applied composite materials 2020-04, Vol.27 (1-2), p.37-54
• Main Authors: Mattner, Tobias, Popp, Julian, Kleffel, Tobias, Gröschel, Christian, Drummer, Dietmar
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry and Materials Science; Classical Mechanics; Consolidation; Continuous fibers; Cooling rate; Damage detection; Deformation; Drop towers; Fiber reinforced polymers; Glass fiber reinforced plastics; High speed; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Materials Science; Polymer Sciences; Process controls; Surface properties; Thermoplastic resins; Tooling
• ISSN: 0929-189X; 1573-4897
• DOI: 10.1007/s10443-020-09794-7

Forming processes of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic materials are oftentimes limited to high volume production due to the high costs for tooling and processing machines. This study suggests the combined use of a cold and simple tool and high forming speeds to reduce tooling and processing costs and enable the usage of common stamping machines. Half sphere samples are produced from single and two-layer polypropylene and glass fiber organo-sheets in a custom built drop tower and analyzed for their geometry, degree of re-consolidation, surface quality and potential fiber damage using a variety of microscopy techniques. While only mediocre degrees of re-consolidation and limited surface qualities can be achieved with the combination of a cold tooling and state-of-the-art forming speeds of 0–0.5 ms −1 , the usage of a higher forming speed of 3 ms −1 , vastly improves surface qualities and the degree of re-consolidation without any detectable fiber damage. This effect is more pronounced in the dual layer material. Extensive knowledge on the forming behavior of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastics at high cooling rates and high speeds of deformation is required for sufficient process control and future studies need to further elaborate and quantify the influencing factors and limits of high-speed forming of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastics.