One-step functionalization of graphene via Diels--Alder reaction for improvement of dispersibility

Good dispersibility of graphene in a medium or matrix is a critical issue in practical applications. In this work, graphene was functionalized using N-(4-hydroxyl phenyl) maleimide (4-HPM) via the Diels-Alder (DA) reaction by a one-step catalyst-free approach. The optimal reaction condition was foun...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Frontiers of materials science 2020-06, Vol.14 (2), p.198-210
Main Authors: ZHANG, Jinxing, HU, Kexing, OUYANG, Qi, GUI, Qilin, CHEN, Xiaonong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aqueous solutions
Chemistry and Materials Science
Diels > Alder reaction
Diels-Alder reactions
dispersibility
Dispersion
Ethanol
functionalization
Graphene
Materials Science
Methylene blue
Raman spectroscopy
Research Article
Sensitivity
Solvents
Stability
Tetrahydrofuran
X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Xylene
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Summary:Good dispersibility of graphene in a medium or matrix is a critical issue in practical applications. In this work, graphene was functionalized using N-(4-hydroxyl phenyl) maleimide (4-HPM) via the Diels-Alder (DA) reaction by a one-step catalyst-free approach. The optimal reaction condition was found to be 90 °C for 12 h using dimethylformamide (DMF) as the solvent. FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XPS and EDS proved that 4-HPM moieties were successfully grafted onto the surface of graphene. UV-vis and TGA confirmed that the grafting amount of 4-HPM was 3.75%-3.97% based on the mass of graphene. Functionalized graphene showed excellent dispersion stability when dispersed in common solvents such as ethanol, DMF, water, tetrahydrofuran and p-xylene. Meanwhile, functionalized graphene also exhibited pH sensitivity in aqueous due to the phenolic hydroxyls from the 4-HPM moieties. As a result of good dispersion stability and pH sensitivity, compared with graphene, functionalized graphene had better adsorption capacity for methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solution.
ISSN:2095-025X
2095-0268
DOI:10.1007/s11706-020-0501-0