Trends in Indicators of Injection Drug Use, Indian Health Service, 2010-2014

Objectives Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV transmission in the United States may increase as a result of increasing rates of opioid use disorder (OUD) and associated injection drug use (IDU). Epidemiologic trends among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons are not well known. Methods We anal...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Public health reports (1974) 2020-07, Vol.135 (4), p.461-471
Main Authors: Evans, Mary E, Person Marissa, Reilley Brigg, Leston Jessica, Haverkate, Richard, McCollum, Jeffrey T, Apostolou Andria, Bohm, Michele K, Van Handel Michelle, Bixler Danae, Mitsch, Andrew J, Haberling, Dana L, Hatcher, Sarah M, Weiser, Thomas, Elmore, Kim, Teshale, Eyasu H, Weidle, Paul J, Peters, Philip J, Buchacz Kate
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abscesses
Adults
Cellulitis
Chronic infection
Disease transmission
Drug addiction
Drug use
Epidemiology
Health services
Hepatitis
Hepatitis C
HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus
Indicators
Infections
Injection
Men
Narcotics
Opioids
Overdose
Prevention
Public health
Regression analysis
Sexually transmitted diseases
STD
Trends
Viruses
Young adults
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Summary:Objectives Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and HIV transmission in the United States may increase as a result of increasing rates of opioid use disorder (OUD) and associated injection drug use (IDU). Epidemiologic trends among American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) persons are not well known. Methods We analyzed 2010-2014 Indian Health Service data on health care encounters to assess regional and temporal trends in IDU indicators among adults aged ≥18 years. IDU indicators included acute or chronic HCV infection (only among adults aged 18-35 years), arm cellulitis and abscess, OUD, and opioid-related overdose. We calculated rates per 10 000 AI/AN adults for each IDU indicator overall and stratified by sex, age group, and region and evaluated rate ratios and trends by using Poisson regression analysis. Results Rates of HCV infection among adults aged 18-35 increased 9.4% per year, and rates of OUD among all adults increased 13.3% per year from 2010 to 2014. The rate of HCV infection among young women was approximately 1.3 times that among young men. Rates of opioid-related overdose among adults aged
ISSN:0033-3549
1468-2877
DOI:10.1177/0033354920937284