Techno-Economic and Energy Efficiency Analysis of Optimal Power Supply Solutions for Green Cellular Base Stations

The widespread proliferation of internet access, affordable wireless gadgets, the user data demand and the corresponding extended cellular networks entailing significant energy consumption and carbon footprints. With the added benefits of renewable energy harvesting (REH) technology, telecom base st...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE access 2020, Vol.8, p.43776-43795
Main Authors: Jahid, Abu, Hossain, Md. Sanwar, Monju, Md. Kamrul Hasan, Rahman, Md. Fayzur, Hossain, Md. Farhad
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atmospheric models
Brain modeling
cell zooming
Cellular communication
Clean energy
Diesel generators
eco-sustainability
Economic analysis
Energy consumption
Energy efficiency
Energy harvesting
Energy management
Environmental impact
Green cellular networks
Green products
hybrid energy
Hybrid power systems
Long Term Evolution
LTE
Monte Carlo simulation
Photovoltaic cells
Power sources
Power supplies
Power supply
Renewable energy
renewable energy harvesting
Renewable resources
Stations
Steering
Wind turbines
Wireless networks
Zooming
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Summary:The widespread proliferation of internet access, affordable wireless gadgets, the user data demand and the corresponding extended cellular networks entailing significant energy consumption and carbon footprints. With the added benefits of renewable energy harvesting (REH) technology, telecom base stations (BSs) are predominantly supplied by green power sources to reduce operational expenditure (OPEX) and atmospheric pollution with guaranteed quality of service (QoS). Accordingly, this paper examines the plausibility of optimal power supply solutions such as standalone solar photovoltaic (PV), hybrid PV/wind turbine (PV/WT), hybrid PV/diesel generator (DG) and hybrid PV/electric grid (PV/EG) to feed the Long Term Evolution (LTE) BSs pertaining to technical, economic and environmental aspects in Bangladesh. An extensive Monte-Carlo based simulations are performed to evaluate wireless network performance in terms of throughput, energy efficiency (EE), energy efficiency gain (EE gain ), average energy savings, radio efficiency varying system bandwidth (B) and BS transmission power (P TX ) considering the dynamic behavior of traffic intensity and renewable energy (RE) generation profile. By leveraging the cell zooming technique and a green traffic steering framework endeavors to minimize the net present cost and maximize the average energy savings as well. The simulation results reveal that the cell zooming technique attained energy savings yielding up to 36% and improvement of EE gain achieved about 23% with effective modeling of REH. Subsequently, a comprehensive comparison of the aforementioned schemes is pledged for further validation.
ISSN:2169-3536
2169-3536
DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2973130