Modeling water and salinity risks to viticulture under prolonged sustained deficit and saline water irrigation

A numerical model (HYDRUS-1D) was used to evaluate the impacts of the long-term (2004–2015) use of sustained deficit irrigation (10% (D10%) and 20% (D20%) less than full), irrigations with increased water salinity (ECiw of 0.5 and 0.8 dS/m), 50% deficit irrigation during a drought period (DD50%), an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of water and climate change 2020-09, Vol.11 (3), p.901-915
Main Authors: Phogat, V., Cox, J. W., Šimůnek, J., Hayman, P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agricultural production
Climatic conditions
Crops
Drainage
Drought
Dynamics
Electrical conductivity
Electrical resistivity
Grapevines
Irrigation
Irrigation water
Light
Mathematical models
Numerical models
Risk
Root zone
Saline water
Salinity
Salinity effects
Salts
Soil
Soil dynamics
Soil texture
Soil water
Soils
Sustainability
Uptake
Vines
Vineyards
Viticulture
Water balance
Water salinity
Water shortages
Water uptake
Wineries & vineyards
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Summary:A numerical model (HYDRUS-1D) was used to evaluate the impacts of the long-term (2004–2015) use of sustained deficit irrigation (10% (D10%) and 20% (D20%) less than full), irrigations with increased water salinity (ECiw of 0.5 and 0.8 dS/m), 50% deficit irrigation during a drought period (DD50%), and DD50% coupled with an increased salinity of water (ECiw of 0.5 and 0.8 dS/m) on the water balance and salinity dynamics under grapevine in two soils at two locations with different climatic conditions. The results showed that D20% and DD50% significantly reduced water uptake and seasonal drainage (Dr) by the vines as compared to full irrigation. Vineyards established in light-textured soils showed two to five times larger drainage losses as compared to heavy-textured soils. The results revealed that the slight increase in the electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECiw = 0.5 and 0.8 dS/m) increased the risks in terms of the amount of salts deposited in the soil and transport of large quantities of irrigation-induced salts beyond the root zone. Hence, it is imperative to monitor all of the important water, soil, and salinity drivers of agro-hydro-geological systems to understand the hydro-salinity dynamics and to ensure the long-term sustainability of irrigated viticulture.
ISSN:2040-2244
2408-9354
DOI:10.2166/wcc.2018.186