Enhanced antimicrobial, antibiofilm and anticancer activities of biocompatible neem gum coated palladium nanoparticles

• Published in: Progress in organic coatings 2021-02, Vol.151, p.106098, Article 106098
• Main Authors: N, Prakashkumar, M, Vignesh, K, Brindhadevi, Phuong, Nguyen-Tri, A, Pugazhendhi, N, Suganthy
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antibiofilm efficiency; Anticancer activity; Anticancer properties; Antimicrobial potential; Apoptosis; Biocompatibility; Cancer; E coli; Nanocomposites; Nanoparticles; Neem gum; NG@Pd NPs; Orthosiphonstamineus; Palladium; Palladium nanoparticles; Toxicity
• ISSN: 0300-9440; 1873-331X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2020.106098

[Display omitted] •Green synthesis of Pd NPs using aqueous extract of Orthosiphon stamineus.•Biocompatible NG@Pd NPs was fabricated by ultrasonication method.•NG@Pd NPs exhibited potent antimicrobial and antibiofilm efficacy.•NG@Pd NPs interacts and disrupts the bacterial cell membrane leading to death.•N•NG@Pd exhibited anticancer effect in A549 cells via ROS induced MMP loss activating apoptosis The present study highlights a quick and cost effective, fabrication of biocompatible and water dispersible neem gum coated palladium nanoparticles (NG@Pd NPs) and assessment of their pharmacological applications. Palladium nanoparticles were synthesized through a biogenic route using the aqueous leaf extract of Orthosiphon stamineus. The fabricated nanocomposite was characterized by spectroscopic and microscopic analyses. The results of antimicrobial studies revealed that the NG@Pd NPs exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. aureus and Extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) strain when compared to the Pd NPs alone. Antibiofilm studies illustrated a concentration dependent inhibition of biofilm formation in MSSA strain with the IC 50 value of 15.25 ± 0.012 μg/mL, while the Pd NPs showed lower inhibitory effect. Anticancer potential illustrated that the NG@Pd NPs showed potent antiproliferative effect against A549 cells in proportion to the concentration with 50 % inhibition at 45.6 ± 0.25 μg/mL. NG@Pd NPs exhibited enhanced reactive oxygen species leading to DNA fragmentation, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential inducing apoptosis through the activation of caspase 3/9. Safety evaluation studies revealed that the NG@Pd NPs exhibited neither cytotoxicity nor hemolysis illustrating the biocompatible nature of NG@Pd NPs. Overall, the present work manifests the possibility of developing NG@Pd NPs as a suitable candidate for antimicrobial and lung cancer therapy.