Ultra-high-voltage Ni-rich layered cathodes in practical Li metal batteries enabled by a sulfonamide-based electrolyte

By increasing the charging voltage, a cell specific energy of >400 W h kg −1 is achievable with LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 in Li metal batteries. However, stable cycling of high-nickel cathodes at ultra-high voltages is extremely challenging. Here we report that a rationally designed sulfonamide-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature energy 2021-05, Vol.6 (5), p.495-505
Main Authors: Xue, Weijiang, Huang, Mingjun, Li, Yutao, Zhu, Yun Guang, Gao, Rui, Xiao, Xianghui, Zhang, Wenxu, Li, Sipei, Xu, Guiyin, Yu, Yang, Li, Peng, Lopez, Jeffrey, Yu, Daiwei, Dong, Yanhao, Fan, Weiwei, Shi, Zhe, Xiong, Rui, Sun, Cheng-Jun, Hwang, Inhui, Lee, Wah-Keat, Shao-Horn, Yang, Johnson, Jeremiah A., Li, Ju
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/301/299
639/4077/4079/891
639/638/161
Batteries
Cathodes
Cathodic dissolution
Charging
Cycles
Dissolution
Economics and Management
Electrolytes
Energy
Energy Policy
Energy Storage
Energy Systems
High voltage
High voltages
Lithium
Lithium batteries
Metals
Morphology
Nickel
Renewable and Green Energy
Side reactions
Specific capacity
Stress corrosion cracking
Sulfonamides
Transition metals
Voltage
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Summary:By increasing the charging voltage, a cell specific energy of >400 W h kg −1 is achievable with LiNi 0.8 Mn 0.1 Co 0.1 O 2 in Li metal batteries. However, stable cycling of high-nickel cathodes at ultra-high voltages is extremely challenging. Here we report that a rationally designed sulfonamide-based electrolyte enables stable cycling of commercial LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 with a cut-off voltage up to 4.7 V in Li metal batteries. In contrast to commercial carbonate electrolytes, the electrolyte not only suppresses side reactions, stress-corrosion cracking, transition-metal dissolution and impedance growth on the cathode side, but also enables highly reversible Li metal stripping and plating leading to a compact morphology and low pulverization. Our lithium-metal battery delivers a specific capacity >230 mA h g −1 and an average Coulombic efficiency >99.65% over 100 cycles. Even under harsh testing conditions, the 4.7 V lithium-metal battery can retain >88% capacity for 90 cycles, advancing practical lithium-metal batteries. Charging at high voltages in principle makes batteries energy dense, but this is often achieved at the cost of the cycling stability. Here the authors design a sulfonamide-based electrolyte to enable a Li metal battery with a state-of-the-art cathode at an ultra-high voltage of 4.7 V while maintaining cyclability.
ISSN:2058-7546
2058-7546
DOI:10.1038/s41560-021-00792-y