Ginsenoside Re protects against chronic restraint stress‐induced cognitive deficits through regulation of NLRP3 and Nrf2 pathways in mice

Exposure to chronic stress negatively affects the development of cognition, characterized by learning and memory decline. Ginsenoside Re (GRe), an active compound derived from Panax ginseng, exhibited neuroprotective activity in various neurological diseases. In this study, the protective effect of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Phytotherapy research 2021-05, Vol.35 (5), p.2523-2535
Main Authors: Wang, Haixia, Lv, Jingwei, Jiang, Ning, Huang, Hong, Wang, Qiong, Liu, Xinmin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antioxidants
Avoidance
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Caspase
chronic restraint stress
Cognition
Cognitive ability
Constraints
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Ginseng
ginsenoside Re
Ginsenosides
Heme
Impairment
Inflammation
learning and memory
Malondialdehyde
Memory
Neurological diseases
Neuroprotection
NLRP3 inflammasome
Nrf2
Object recognition
Oxygenase
Postsynaptic density
Postsynaptic density proteins
Proteins
Stress
Synapses
Synaptophysin
Western blotting
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Summary:Exposure to chronic stress negatively affects the development of cognition, characterized by learning and memory decline. Ginsenoside Re (GRe), an active compound derived from Panax ginseng, exhibited neuroprotective activity in various neurological diseases. In this study, the protective effect of GRe on chronic restraint stress (CRS)‐induced memory deficit was investigated. The mice were experienced 35 days of the CRS induction. The GRe was administered daily orally (10, 20, or 40 mg/kg) during the next 3 weeks stress session and the behavior test period. The CRS‐induced memory impairment mice were subjected to behavioral tasks, such as the Y‐maze, novel objects recognition, and step‐through passive avoidance tests. Nissl staining was used to examine the neuron numbers. The levels of antioxidant enzymes, malondialdehyde, and proinflammatory factor were determined by kits and ELISA assays. The expressions of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), NOD‐like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), nuclear factor erythroid‐2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) and synapse‐associated proteins (synaptophysin, SYP, and postsynaptic density 95, PSD95) were measured by Western blotting. Behavioral assessments indicated that GRe could ameliorate the cognitive impairment of CRS‐induced mice, as indicated by increased responses in Y‐maze (p 
ISSN:0951-418X
1099-1573
DOI:10.1002/ptr.6947