Using a machine learning approach to predict the emission characteristics of VOCs from furniture

• Published in: Building and environment 2021-06, Vol.196, p.107786, Article 107786
• Main Authors: Zhang, Rui, Wang, Haimei, Tan, Yanda, Zhang, Meixia, Zhang, Xuankai, Wang, Keliang, Ji, Wenjie, Sun, Lihua, Yu, Xuefei, Zhao, Jing, Xu, Baoping, Xiong, Jianyin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air quality; Artificial neural network (ANN); Artificial neural networks; Back propagation networks; Cloth; Correlation analysis; Emission; Emissions; Furniture; Indoor air pollution; Indoor air quality; Indoor environments; Learning algorithms; Learning theory; Leather; Machine learning; Neural networks; Organic compounds; Relative humidity; VOCs; Volatile organic compounds; Volatile organic compounds (VOCs)
• ISSN: 0360-1323; 1873-684X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2021.107786

The emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from indoor furniture contribute significantly to poor indoor air quality. We have taken a typical machine learning approach using an artificial neural network (ANN), to predict the emission behaviors of VOCs from furniture. The gas-phase VOC concentrations from four kinds of furniture (solid wood furniture, panel furniture, soft leather furniture, soft cloth furniture) were measured in a 1 m3 chamber at different temperatures, relative humidity and ventilation rates. We then used these VOC concentration data as input for training. The trained ANN model could then be used to predict VOC concentrations at other emission time. We selected a back-propagation neural network, with 3 hidden layers, and a learning rate of 0.01. Pearson correlation analysis demonstrates that there is a strong correlation between the input datasets. We used relative deviation (RD) and mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) as the criteria for evaluating the performance of the ANN. For all of the tested VOCs from different types of furniture, the RDs between the predictions and experimental data at 150 h, are less than 15%. The MAPE values of the ANN model are within 10%. These indicate that the trained ANN model has excellent capability in predicting the VOC concentrations from furniture. The main merit of the ANN is that it doesn't need to solve the challenging problem of obtaining the key parameters when using physical models for prediction, and will thus be very useful for indoor source characterization, as well as for exposure assessment. •Artificial neural network (ANN) is used to predict VOC emissions from furniture.•Four kinds of furniture were tested in chamber under varied environmental conditions.•The MAPE between predictions and experiments for different furniture is within 10%.•The ANN prediction is fast, and is useful for indoor source characterization.