A comparison of cognitive performances between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and multiple sclerosis patients in Indian context

BackgroundTo compare the frequency and pattern of cognitive impairment in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.ResultsTwenty NMOSD and forty MS patients were included. Clinical and detailed neuropsychological assessment was done using frontal assessment...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery Psychiatry and Neurosurgery, 2021-07, Vol.57 (1), p.1-9
Main Authors: Kumar, Swati, Gangopadhyay Goutam, Biswas Atanu, Dubey Souvik, Pandit Alak, Das Shambaditya, Ray, Biman Kanti
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cognitive ability
Cognitive impairment
Executive function
Information processing
Multiple sclerosis
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
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Summary:BackgroundTo compare the frequency and pattern of cognitive impairment in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) patients.ResultsTwenty NMOSD and forty MS patients were included. Clinical and detailed neuropsychological assessment was done using frontal assessment battery and Kolkata cognitive battery supplemented with additional standard tests for different domains of cognitive functions. Domain wise tests were performed and compared. 15/20 (75%) NMOSD and 32/40 (80%) MS patients had cognitive impairment (p = 0.65). Executive function, verbal fluency, information processing speed, visuo-constructional ability, attention, complex calculation, and memory were more commonly involved in NMOSD in decreasing order. Compared to MS, the pattern was similar except that verbal fluency was more impaired in NMOSD. Expanded Disability Status scale (EDSS) correlated with cognitive involvement in NMOSD (p = 0.02) as against MS.ConclusionsExecutive function, verbal fluencies, and information processing speed were more affected compared to visual and verbal memory in NMOSD patients. The pattern of cognitive performance was similar in the MS group, even though clinical and radiological characteristics and pathophysiology is different, suggesting similar brain involvement.
ISSN:1110-1083
1687-8329
DOI:10.1186/s41983-021-00351-y