Significance of surface roughness in the supercapacitor activity of nickel-based electrodes

Nickel-based thin film electrodes were electrodeposited onto copper substrate using a deep eutectic solvent. The supercapacitor performance of these electrodes in alkaline KOH solution was greatly enhanced by altering surface roughness of coatings. In order to create a rougher surface, two paths wer...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied physics. A, Materials science & processing Materials science & processing, 2021-08, Vol.127 (8), Article 618
Main Authors: Kunduraci, Muharrem, Çirmi, Doğan, Çalhan, Selda Doğan, Çağlayan, Uğur
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied physics
Atomic force microscopy
Cathodic polarization
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Coated electrodes
Condensed Matter Physics
Electrode polarization
Electrodes
Machines
Manufacturing
Materials science
Microscopy
Morphology
Nanotechnology
Nickel
Optical and Electronic Materials
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Processes
Substrates
Supercapacitors
Surface roughness
Surfaces and Interfaces
Thin Films
Zinc
Zinc coatings
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Summary:Nickel-based thin film electrodes were electrodeposited onto copper substrate using a deep eutectic solvent. The supercapacitor performance of these electrodes in alkaline KOH solution was greatly enhanced by altering surface roughness of coatings. In order to create a rougher surface, two paths were followed. In the first path, Ni-only coatings were prepared at different deposition potentials and smooth-to-rough transition in surface morphology took place at higher potentials due to increasing emission of hydrogen bubbles. In the second path, Ni–Zn binary coatings with varying zinc concentration were electrodeposited and surface roughness was formed by dealloying zinc element from the electrodes as corroborated by Scanning Electron Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy results. In both paths, noticeable improvements in the capacitance of nickel electrodes were observed upon the apperance of rougher surface. A linear relationship was discovered between cathodic peak currents and polarization values in the cyclic voltammetry scans of electrodes, possibly for the first time here in literature. The increase in polarization was explained by the decrease in electrode conductivity proved by dwindling of metallic nickel peaks in X-ray diffraction upon electrochemical testing. Graphic Abstract
ISSN:0947-8396
1432-0630
DOI:10.1007/s00339-021-04784-3