Altered Adiponectin Response in Older Women Following Dextrose and High‐Fat Dietary Challenges

• Published in: Molecular nutrition & food research 2021-09, Vol.65 (17), p.e2100487-n/a
• Main Authors: Herpich, Catrin, Kochlik, Bastian, Haß, Ulrike, Weber, Daniela, Grune, Tilman, Norman, Kristina
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adiponectin; Adiponectin - blood; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Age Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers - blood; Dextrose; Diet; Diet, High-Fat - adverse effects; Fasting; Female; FGF21; Fibroblast growth factors; Fibroblast Growth Factors - blood; Glucose - adverse effects; Growth factors; Humans; inflammation; Ingestion; Interleukins; Malondialdehyde; Meals; Metabolism; Older people; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Oxidative Stress - physiology; Parameters; postprandial; Postprandial Period - drug effects; Postprandial Period - physiology
• ISSN: 1613-4125; 1613-4133
• DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100487

Scope Despite its beneficial properties, higher adiponectin concentrations are paradoxically associated with mortality in advanced age. Several mechanisms are being discussed. However, little is known about postprandial regulation of adiponectin in older adults. We assessed age‐specific differences of the adiponectin response to different test meals considering potential determinants. Methods and Results Older (n = 20) and younger (n = 22) women are randomized to a dextrose (DEX) or high‐fat (HF) dietary challenge. Postprandial adiponectin and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) concentrations are measured before and 60, 120, 240 min after ingestion. We assessed postprandial changes and group differences using linear mixed models controlled for possible determinants. In younger women, postprandial adiponectin remains stable after both test meals. In contrast, adiponectin increases following DEX and decreases after HF in older women, irrespective of control variables. Postprandial adiponectin is positively associated with malondialdehyde and inversely associated with interleukin‐6 following DEX and also negatively associated with metabolic parameters after both test meals. In older women, elevated postprandial FGF21 concentrations are associated with a higher adiponectin response (β = 30.7, 95% CI 10.6–50.8, p = 0.007). Conclusions Adiponectin response is associated with type of dietary challenge, age, and FGF21 response. Age‐group differences are partly attributable to metabolic parameters and oxidative stress. Adiponectin (ADN) response is measured in older and younger women following a dextrose or high‐fat meal. In older women only, ADN increases after dextrose and decreases after high‐fat ingestion. Possibly, following dextrose intake, high glucose (Gluc) concentrations lead to higher FGF21 levels, enhancing ADN secretion. Following high‐fat, Gluc levels remain steady, therefore FGF21 and ADN levels decline.