Fire reaction properties of polystyrene-based composites using hollow silica as synergistic agent

Hollow silica microsphere (h-SiO 2 ) has been widely applied in the field of thermal insulation, catalyst supports and drug storage/delivery containers. In this research, h-SiO 2 has been innovatively used as synergistic agent to enhance the flame retardancy of intumescent flame-retardant polystyren...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 2021-11, Vol.146 (4), p.1679-1686
Main Authors: Wang, Yongliang, Meng, Xiangfei, Wang, Chunfeng, Han, Zhidong, Shi, Hu
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Analytical Chemistry
Chemical reactions
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Combustion
Cone calorimeters
Containers
Enthalpy
Fireproofing agents
Flame retardants
Heat release rate
Inorganic Chemistry
Measurement Science and Instrumentation
Morphology
Physical Chemistry
Polymer Sciences
Polystyrene
Polystyrene resins
Silica
Silicon dioxide
Synergistic effect
Thermal insulation
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Summary:Hollow silica microsphere (h-SiO 2 ) has been widely applied in the field of thermal insulation, catalyst supports and drug storage/delivery containers. In this research, h-SiO 2 has been innovatively used as synergistic agent to enhance the flame retardancy of intumescent flame-retardant polystyrene. The synergistic effects of h-SiO 2 on intumescent flame-retardant polystyrene have been studied by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94 test and cone calorimeter test (CCT). When 0.5 mass% h-SiO 2 was substituted for the intumescent flame-retardant additive, the LOI of polystyrene composite (PS/IFR/Si0.5) increased by 5 units and the composite preserved the V-0 rating. Manipulation of parameters from CCT indicated that the peak heat release rate was reduced by 27% for the PS/IFR/Si0.5 composite, whereas the total heat release decreased by 14.5% and the ratio of residue increased by 85.6% (from 13.2 to 24.5%) compared to those of the composite without h-SiO 2 . The synergistic effects of h-SiO 2 on intumescent flame-retardant polystyrene are attributed to physical and chemical processes in the condensed phase. The morphologies of charred layer after CCT proved that h-SiO 2 induced compact charred layer with enhanced thermal and gas barrier effect, which in turn protected the inner matrix from combustion and decreased specific extinction area by 24.2%.
ISSN:1388-6150
1588-2926
DOI:10.1007/s10973-020-10165-4