Cornstalk-derived macroporous carbon materials with enhanced microwave absorption

Biomass transformation is being considered as a green and sustainable strategy for carbon-based functional materials in many fields. To produce porous structure favorable for microwave absorption, we demonstrate herein the successful synthesis of macroporous carbon materials with cornstalk as a biom...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of materials science. Materials in electronics 2021-11, Vol.32 (21), p.25758-25768
Main Authors: Li, Jinfeng, Zhang, Nan, Zhao, Hongtao, Li, Zhigang, Tian, Bo, Du, Yunchen
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomass
Carbon
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemistry and Materials Science
Dielectric loss
Dielectric strength
Functional materials
High temperature
Impedance matching
Materials Science
Microwave absorption
Optical and Electronic Materials
Porosity
Pyrolysis
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Summary:Biomass transformation is being considered as a green and sustainable strategy for carbon-based functional materials in many fields. To produce porous structure favorable for microwave absorption, we demonstrate herein the successful synthesis of macroporous carbon materials with cornstalk as a biomass precursor. It is found that two kinds of typical biological structures in cornstalk, linear vascular bundles and parenchyma cells, can be well preserved during high-temperature pyrolysis. Mercury intrusion porosimetry and N 2 adsorption indicate that these cornstalk-derived carbon materials have very high porosity, which is mainly from desirable macroporous structure rather than conventional micro/mesopores. Electromagnetic (EM) analysis reveals that dielectric loss is the only pathway for the consumption of EM energy, and high pyrolysis temperature favors strong dielectric loss through conductive loss and interfacial polarization loss. Meanwhile, pyrolysis temperature also affects the matching degree of characteristic impedance. When the pyrolysis temperature reaches 750 °C, good dielectric loss and impedance matching endow the sample (CSC-750) with excellent microwave absorption performance, including strong reflection loss, broad response bandwidth, and relatively thin absorber thickness. The advantages of macroporous structure are further highlighted in impedance matching and multiple reflection by comparing with a macropore-free counterpart.
ISSN:0957-4522
1573-482X
DOI:10.1007/s10854-020-04571-5