Electroactive 3D printable poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)- graft -poly(ε-caprolactone) copolymers as scaffolds for muscle cell alignment

The development of tailor-made polymers to build artificial three-dimensional scaffolds to repair damaged skin tissues is gaining increasing attention in the bioelectronics field. Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is the gold standard conducting polymer for the bioelectronics field due to it...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polymer chemistry 2021-12, Vol.13 (1), p.109-120
Main Authors: Dominguez-Alfaro, Antonio, Criado-Gonzalez, Miryam, Gabirondo, Elena, Lasa-Fernández, Haizpea, Olmedo-Martínez, Jorge L., Casado, Nerea, Alegret, Nuria, Müller, Alejandro J., Sardon, Haritz, Vallejo-Illarramendi, Ainara, Mecerreyes, David
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alignment
Biocompatibility
Chemical composition
Chemical synthesis
Conducting polymers
Copolymers
Graft copolymers
Infrared analysis
Muscles
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Polymer chemistry
Rheological properties
Rheology
Scaffolds
Thermal stability
Thermogravimetric analysis
Three dimensional printing
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Summary:The development of tailor-made polymers to build artificial three-dimensional scaffolds to repair damaged skin tissues is gaining increasing attention in the bioelectronics field. Poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) is the gold standard conducting polymer for the bioelectronics field due to its high conductivity, thermal stability, and biocompatibility; however, it is insoluble and infusible, which limits its processability into three dimensional scaffolds. Here, poly(3,4-ethylendioxythiophene)- graft -poly(ε-caprolactone) copolymers, PEDOT- g -PCL, with different molecular weights and PEDOT compositions, were synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization to enhance the processability of PEDOT. First, the chemical structure and composition of the copolymers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Then, the additive manufacturing of PEDOT- g -PCL copolymers by direct ink writing was evaluated by rheology and 3D printing assays. The morphology of the printed patterns was further characterized by scanning electron microscopy and the conductivity by the four-point probe. Finally, the employment of these printed patterns to induce muscle cells alignment was tested, proving the ability of PEDOT- g -PCL patterns to produce myotubes differentiation.
ISSN:1759-9954
1759-9962
DOI:10.1039/D1PY01185E