Self-Fusion Convolutional Neural Networks

• Published in: Pattern recognition letters 2021-12, Vol.152, p.50-55
• Main Authors: Gong, Shenjian, Zhang, Shanshan, Yang, Jian, Yuen, Pong Chi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Artificial neural networks; Channels; Efficient feature fusion; Feature maps; Image classification; Lightweight; Lightweight neural networks; Modules; Neural networks; Parameters
• ISSN: 0167-8655; 1872-7344
• DOI: 10.1016/j.patrec.2021.08.022

•We propose a novel lightweight feature self-fusion convolutional module.•We provide a comprehensive comparison with inverted bottleneck.•A complete network can be obtained by simply stacking modules.•Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our self-fusion convolutional module. Efficiency is an important concern for practical applications, therefore, it is of great importance to build effective lightweight networks. This paper proposes a novel lightweight feature self-fusion convolutional (SFC) module, which consists of self-fusion and point-wise convolution. The core of SFC is a three-step self-fusion. First, each input feature map is expanded to a high dimensional space individually, prohibiting connections with other input channels. Then, in the second step, we fuse all features from the same input in the high dimensional space to enhance the representation ability. Finally, we compress high dimensional features to a low dimensional space. After self-fusion, we connect all features by one point-wise convolution. Compared to inverted bottleneck, SFC module decreases the number of parameters by replacing the dense connections among channels with self-fusion. To the best of our knowledge, SFC is the first method to build lightweight networks by feature self-fusion. We then build a new network namely SFC-Net, by stacking SFC modules. Experimental results on the CIFAR and downsampled ImageNet datasets demonstrate our SFC-Net achieves better performance to some previous popular CNNs with fewer number of parameters and achieves comparable performance compared to other previous lightweight architectures. The code is available at https://github.com/Yankeegsj/Self-fusion.