Evolutionary Development and Structural Diversity of Natural Antimicrobial Peptides, Peptidometics, and Cationic Amphiphiles Based on Amino Acids

The review article traces the main trends of the synthetic approach to the solution of the problem of overcoming the resistance of pathogenic bacterial strains. The main strategies for the search of promising agents are presented, starting with natural antimicrobial peptides or “human protection” pe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Russian journal of general chemistry 2021-12, Vol.91 (Suppl 1), p.S13-S23
Main Authors: Filatova, S. M., Guseva, M. K., Bodrova, T. G., Parshina, D. V., Budanova, U. A., Sebyakin, Yu. L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amino acids
Analysis
Antiinfectives and antibacterials
Antimicrobial agents
Aspartic proteinases
Bacteria
Cations
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Chemistry/Food Science
Drug resistance in microorganisms
Enzymes
Low molecular weights
Membranes
Peptides
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Summary:The review article traces the main trends of the synthetic approach to the solution of the problem of overcoming the resistance of pathogenic bacterial strains. The main strategies for the search of promising agents are presented, starting with natural antimicrobial peptides or “human protection” peptides, with a subsequent evolutionary transition to synthetic peptidomimetics of macromolecular or oligomeric types, as well as an approach based on membrane-active low molecular weight cationic amphiphiles. The structural diversity of peptidomimetics with a high bactericidal activity, possessing increased resistance to the action of proteolytic enzymes in comparison to natural peptides, has been shown. Much attention is paid to various aliphatic and aromatic cationic amphiphiles based on amino acids. Potential capabilities of this class of compounds as antimicrobial agents are noted. The amphiphilic structure of the synthesized compounds allows them to selectively affect bacterial membranes and does not trigger the resistance development process in bacteria.
ISSN:1070-3632
1608-3350
DOI:10.1134/S1070363221130338