Persistent nonlinear phase-locking and non-monotonic energy dissipation in micromechanical resonators

Many nonlinear systems are described by eigenmodes with amplitude-dependent frequencies, interacting strongly whenever the frequencies become commensurate at internal resonances. Fast energy exchange via the resonances holds the key to rich dynamical behavior, such as time-varying relaxation rates a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:arXiv.org 2022-06
Main Authors: Wang, Mingkang, Perez-Morelo, Diego J, Lopez, Daniel, Aksyuk, Vladimir A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Dynamical systems
Energy dissipation
Locking
Nonlinear dynamics
Nonlinear systems
Nonlinearity
Resonators
Systems engineering
Online Access:Get full text
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Summary:Many nonlinear systems are described by eigenmodes with amplitude-dependent frequencies, interacting strongly whenever the frequencies become commensurate at internal resonances. Fast energy exchange via the resonances holds the key to rich dynamical behavior, such as time-varying relaxation rates and signatures of nonergodicity in thermal equilibrium, revealed in the recent experimental and theoretical studies of micro and nanomechanical resonators. However, a universal yet intuitive physical description for these diverse and sometimes contradictory experimental observations remains elusive. Here we experimentally reveal persistent nonlinear phase-locked states occurring at internal resonances and demonstrate that they are essential for understanding the transient dynamics of nonlinear systems with coupled eigenmodes. The measured dynamics of a fully observable micromechanical resonator system are quantitatively described by the lower frequency mode entering, maintaining, and exiting a persistent phase-locked period tripling state generated by the nonlinear driving force exerted by the higher frequency mode. This model describes the observed phase-locked coherence times, the direction and magnitude of the energy exchange, and the resulting non-monotonic mode energy evolution. Depending on the initial relative phase, the system selects distinct relaxation pathways, either entering or bypassing the locked state. The described persistent phase-locking is not limited to particular frequency fractions or types of nonlinearities and may advance nonlinear resonator systems engineering across physical domains, including photonics as well as nanomechanics.
ISSN:2331-8422
DOI:10.48550/arxiv.2206.01089