Polysaccharides, as biological macromolecule-based scaffolding systems in heart valve tissue engineering: a review

Valvular heart disease is a major clinical challenge with significant morbidity and mortality rate. Generally, valve repair is advantageous over replacement, however most of these valves are impossible to repair. Donor shortage has resulted in long waiting lists, and the need for heart valve replace...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellulose (London) 2022-07, Vol.29 (10), p.5395-5428
Main Authors: Abdelbasset, Walid Kamal, Alrawaili, Saud M., Osailan, Ahmed M., Abdelmoniem Ibrahim, Ahmed, Soliman, Gaber S., Abodonya, Ahmed M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biocompatibility
Biomedical materials
Bioorganic Chemistry
Ceramics
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composites
Glass
Heart
Heart diseases
Heart valves
Materials selection
Natural Materials
Optimization
Organic Chemistry
Physical Chemistry
Polymer Sciences
Polysaccharides
Review Paper
Scaffolding
Sustainable Development
Tissue engineering
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Summary:Valvular heart disease is a major clinical challenge with significant morbidity and mortality rate. Generally, valve repair is advantageous over replacement, however most of these valves are impossible to repair. Donor shortage has resulted in long waiting lists, and the need for heart valve replacement is estimated to triple in the coming years. In addition, the use of mechanical and bioprosthetic heart valves is associated with several challenges such as thrombogenicity, short durability, and the need for repeated surgeries for valve replacement. Heart valve tissue engineering (HVTE) has recently offered new solutions to address these shortcomings. In this endeavour, material selection and optimization are of vital importance. Among different scaffolding biomaterials, the appeal of polysaccharides in HVTE is on the rise. Due to their excellent biocompatibility, tailorable properties, low cost, and availability, these biomaterials have been widely explored as scaffolding systems for HVTE. The current review will discuss applications, challenges, and future perspectives of these biomaterials in HVTE. Graphical abstract
ISSN:0969-0239
1572-882X
DOI:10.1007/s10570-022-04588-5