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Transport Behavior of Cu2+ Under Binary and Multi-Component Systems in the Columns of Polyaluminium Chloride and Anionic Polyacrylamide Water Treatment Residuals: Implication for Reuse in Stormwater Bioretention Systems
The lack of information from column studies of Cu 2+ transport in polyaluminium chloride and anionic polyacrylamide water treatment residuals (PAC-APAM WTRs) has been hampering their reuse as a media in stormwater bioretention systems. The transport behavior of inactive tracer Br − and Cu 2+ in vari...
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Published in: | Water, air, and soil pollution air, and soil pollution, 2022-07, Vol.233 (7), Article 253 |
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Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | The lack of information from column studies of Cu
2+
transport in polyaluminium chloride and anionic polyacrylamide water treatment residuals (PAC-APAM WTRs) has been hampering their reuse as a media in stormwater bioretention systems. The transport behavior of inactive tracer Br
−
and Cu
2+
in various systems with and without the presence of Pb
2+
, Cd
2+
, and Zn
2+
was investigated in the columns of PAC-APAM WTRs under saturated steady flow conditions. Modeling Br
−
breakthrough curves (BTCs) using CXTFIT revealed that the transport of a solute in the columns was an equilibrium process almost without stagnant water, with all active sites on PAC-APAM WTRs being instantaneously available for the adsorption reaction during transport (
β
p
= 0.99 and
ω
L
= 100). The results of modeling Cu
2+
BTCs with HYDRUS-1D showed that the chemical non-equilibrium two-site model (
R
2
0.8911–0.9999; RMSE 0.00–0.05) described the experimental data of Cu
2+
better than the equilibrium convection–dispersion model using the linear isotherm (
R
2
0.4877–0.9901; RMSE 0.02–0.12) and the Langmuir isotherm (
R
2
0.7083–0.9938; RMSE 0.01–0.10). The fraction of instantaneous adsorption sites at the equilibrium (
f
e
) of Cu
2+
decreased with the increase of co-existing heavy metal ions from 0.27 (monocomponent system) to 0.06 (quaternary system) due to competitive adsorption with the Cu
2+
, Cd
2+
, and Zn
2+
systems as an exception. The first kinetic rate (
ω
) of Cu
2+
increased with the increase of competitive heavy metal ions from 0.0076 (monocomponent system) to 0.0410 (quaternary system). This research could contribute to the understanding of Cu
2+
transport and potential leaching in stormwater bioretention systems. |
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ISSN: | 0049-6979 1573-2932 |
DOI: | 10.1007/s11270-022-05739-x |