A novel multi-claw reactive flame retardant derived from DOPO for endowing lyocell fabric with high effective flame retardancy

A novel DOPO derived multi-claw reactive flame retardant (DMCFR) was designed to improve the flame retardancy of lyocell fabric. The chemical structure of DMCFR was identified by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The chemical structure...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cellulose (London) 2022-08, Vol.29 (12), p.6941-6962
Main Authors: Tan, Wei, Ren, Yuanlin, Guo, Yingbin, Liu, Yansong, Liu, Xiaohui, Qu, Hongqiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioorganic Chemistry
Ceramics
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Composites
Enthalpy
Flame retardants
Fourier transforms
Gas chromatography
Glass
Heat release rate
Infrared radiation
Infrared spectroscopy
Mass spectrometry
Natural Materials
NMR
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Organic Chemistry
Original Research
Photoelectrons
Physical Chemistry
Polymer Sciences
Pyrolysis
Raman spectroscopy
Stability analysis
Sustainable Development
Thermal stability
Thermogravimetric analysis
Vapor phases
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Summary:A novel DOPO derived multi-claw reactive flame retardant (DMCFR) was designed to improve the flame retardancy of lyocell fabric. The chemical structure of DMCFR was identified by proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The chemical structure and elemental composition of the modified lyocell fabric were investigated by FT-IR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The vertical burning test, limiting oxygen index (LOI) and cone calorimetry were applied to evaluate the flame retardancy of the original and treated samples. The results showed that the peak heat release rate and total heat release of the flame retardant lyocell (FR-lyocell) were significantly reduced by 90.6% and 65.5% compared to control sample. In addition, the LOI value of FR-lyocell fabric was up to 33% and remained 26% even after 20 laundering cycles (LCs). The thermal stability and char-forming capacity of the samples were measured by thermogravimetric analysis, and the residual char of the treated sample was as high as 9.15% and 42.5% under air and nitrogen atmosphere respectively, which were much higher than that of the original sample. Furthermore, the flame retardant mechanism was evidenced via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric combined with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TG-IR) and pyrolysis–gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PyGC-MS), which supported the condensed and gas phase flame retardant mechanism. Graphical abstract
ISSN:0969-0239
1572-882X
DOI:10.1007/s10570-022-04690-8