Interface characteristics and mechanical behavior of additively manufactured multi-material of stainless steel and Inconel

Recently, direct energy deposition (DED) has been attracting considerable attention in metal additive manufacturing due to its capability of producing multi-materials and composition gradient materials with a high degree of geometrical design freedom and relatively high productivity compared to powd...

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Published in:Materials science & engineering. A, Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing, 2022-07, Vol.847, p.143318, Article 143318
Main Authors: Sagong, Man Jae, Kim, Eun Seong, Park, Jeong Min, Karthik, Gangaraju Manogna, Lee, Byeong-Joo, Cho, Jung-Wook, Lee, Chong Soo, Nakano, Takayoshi, Kim, Hyoung Seop
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Austenitic stainless steels
Composition
Composition gradient zone
Cracks
Dilution
Direct energy deposition
Mechanical properties
Mechanical property
Metal additive manufacturing
Multi-material
Nickel base alloys
Niobium carbide
Powder beds
Superalloys
Tensile deformation
Ultimate tensile strength
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Summary:Recently, direct energy deposition (DED) has been attracting considerable attention in metal additive manufacturing due to its capability of producing multi-materials and composition gradient materials with a high degree of geometrical design freedom and relatively high productivity compared to powder bed fusion processing. In this study, layered multi-materials of austenitic stainless steel (SS316L) and nickel-based superalloy (IN718) were fabricated using DED processing. The produced multi-materials showed a 500 μm thick composition gradient material zone (CGZ) at the interface between the SS316L/IN718 because of dilution. Further, in the CGZ, closer to the SS316L side, fine cracks containing the brittle Laves and NbC phases are detected. Despite the presence of cracks, the multi-material samples showed higher yield strength and ultimate tensile strength than those calculated by rule-of-mixtures. It is attributed to hetero-deformation-induced hardening by the evolution of geometrically necessary dislocations near the CGZ during tensile deformation.
ISSN:0921-5093
1873-4936
DOI:10.1016/j.msea.2022.143318