Efficacy and Safety of Tirzepatide in Type 2 Diabetes: The Surpass Clinical Trial Program

• Published in: The American heart journal 2022-12, Vol.254, p.241-242
• Main Authors: Barros, Mike, Levine, Joshua A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Agonists; Antidiabetics; Blood glucose; Body weight; Clinical trials; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Effectiveness; GIP protein; GLP-1 receptor agonists; Glucagon; Glucagon-like peptide 1; Glucose; Hemoglobin; Hypoglycemia; Insulin; Metformin; Polypeptides; Receptors; Safety; Sodium-glucose cotransporter; Sulfonylurea
• ISSN: 0002-8703; 1097-6744
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2022.10.028

Tirzepatide is a novel, once-weekly, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that is approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The efficacy and safety of tirzepatide has been assessed in five Phase 3 trials from the SURPASS program in a broad T2D population across the treatment continuum. The objective of this review is to summarize the results from the completed trials. At primary endpoints of 40 and 52 weeks, tirzepatide 5, 10, and 15 mg demonstrated superiority in reductions from baseline in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and body weight versus placebo (SURPASS-1 monotherapy and SURPASS-5 add-on to basal insulin), versus semaglutide 1 mg (SURPASS-2 add-on to metformin), versus insulin degludec (SURPASS-3 add on to metformin ± sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor [SGLT2i]), and versus insulin glargine (SURPASS-4 add-on to metformin ± sulfonylurea ± SGLT2i]). A greater proportion of tirzepatide-treated participants reached HbA1c targets of