Faster and Lighter Meteorological Satellite Image Classification by a Lightweight Channel-Dilation-Concatenation Net

• Published in: IEEE journal of selected topics in applied earth observations and remote sensing 2023-01, Vol.16, p.1-17
• Main Authors: Shang, Shuyao, Zhang, Jinglin, Wang, Xing, Wang, Xinghua, Li, Yuanjun, Li, Yuanjiang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Classification; Clouds; Convolution; convolutional neural network; Convolutional neural network (CNN); deep learning; Feature extraction; Graphics; Graphics processing units; Hyperspectral imaging; Image classification; Inference; Lightweight; Meteorological research; Meteorological satellites; Meteorologists; Meteorology; Parameters; remote sensing; Satellite imagery; Satellite photography; Satellites; scene classification; Weather; Weather patterns
• ISSN: 1939-1404; 2151-1535
• DOI: 10.1109/JSTARS.2023.3243915

With the development of satellite photography, meteorologists are inclined to rely on methods for the automatic and efficient classification of weather images. However, many popular networks require numerous parameters and a lengthy inference time, making them unsuitable for real-time classification tasks. To solve these problems, a lightweight convolutional network termed the Channel-Dilation-Concatenation network (CDC-net) is constructed for meteorological satellite image classification. When extracting features, CDC-net utilizes depth-wise convolution rather than standard convolution. Additionally, a FeatureCopy operation was employed instead of a half-convolution operation. CDC-net extracts high-dimensional features and contains a local importance-based pooling layer, reducing the network's depth, the number of network parameters and inference time. Based on these techniques, the CDC-net achieves an accuracy of 93.56% on the Large-Scale Satellite Cloud Image Database for Meteorological Research, with a GPU inference time of 3.261 ms and 1.12 million parameters. Because many weather images reveal multiple weather patterns, multiple labels are necessary. Therefore, we propose a prediction method and conduct experiments on multi-label data. Experiments on single-label and multi-label meteorological satellite image datasets demonstrate the superiority of the CDC-net over other structures. Thus, the proposed CDC-net can provide a faster and lighter solution in meteorological satellite image classification.