Challenges of chimeric antigen receptor-T/natural killer cell therapy in the treatment of solid tumors: focus on colorectal cancer and evaluation of combination therapies

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer globally and one of the deadliest human malignancies. Traditional therapies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and combination therapies have been used to treat patients with CRC. However, recently immunotherapy has been considered a practical an...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular and cellular biochemistry 2023-05, Vol.478 (5), p.967-980
Main Authors: Wang, Haifeng, Pan, Weihuo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antigen (tumor-associated)
Antigens
B cells
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Cancer
Cancer Research
Cancer therapies
Cardiology
Cell therapy
Chemotherapy
Chimeric antigen receptors
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal carcinoma
Colorectal Neoplasms - metabolism
Drug therapy
Health aspects
Heterogeneity
Humans
Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy, Adoptive - methods
Killer cells
Killer Cells, Natural
Life Sciences
Malignancy
Medical Biochemistry
Natural killer cells
Neoplasms - drug therapy
Receptors
Receptors, Chimeric Antigen - metabolism
Receptors, Chimeric Antigen - therapeutic use
Solid tumors
Tumor antigens
Tumor Microenvironment
Tumors
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Summary:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer globally and one of the deadliest human malignancies. Traditional therapies, such as surgery, chemotherapy, and combination therapies have been used to treat patients with CRC. However, recently immunotherapy has been considered a practical and attractive therapeutic approach in various cancers, such as CRC. Among the immunotherapy methods, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T, and CAR-natural killer cells (NK) cells therapy have been significantly successful, mainly in treating hematological malignancies. However, the effectiveness of CAR-T/NK cell therapy in the treatment of solid tumors, such as CRC has been less than blood malignancies due to various challenges, such as the selection of tumor antigens, lack of proper trafficking in tumor tissue, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, tumor heterogeneity and, adverse effects during and after CAR-T/NK cell therapy. This review summarized the biological structure of CAR-T/NK cells and their use in various types of human malignancies, particularly CRC, as well as the challenges of this type of treatment and the outcome of related combination therapies.
ISSN:0300-8177
1573-4919
DOI:10.1007/s11010-022-04568-0