Wastewater-Associated Infections: A Public Health Concern

The contamination of water is a significant problem globally, for the spreading of pathogens and parasites causing infectious diseases, and the chemicals might be non-innocuous in the total environment. Indeed, the increased levels of metals and varied pollutants, pesticide residues, and industrial...

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Published in:Water, air, and soil pollution air, and soil pollution, 2023-07, Vol.234 (7), p.444, Article 444
Main Authors: Bej, Shuvasree, Swain, Surendra, Bishoyi, Ajit Kumar, Mandhata, Chinmayee Priyadarsani, Sahoo, Chita Ranjan, Padhy, Rabindra Nath
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution
Biota
Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Communicable diseases
Contaminants
Contamination
Earth and Environmental Science
Effluents
Environment
Environmental monitoring
Enzymatic activity
Enzyme activity
Enzymes
Hazardous wastes
Health aspects
Hydrogeology
Industrial effluents
Industrial pollution
Industrial wastes
Industrial wastewater
Infectious diseases
Metals
Parasites
Particulate matter
Pathogens
Pesticide residues
Pesticides
Public health
Purification
Sewage
Side effects
Soil Science & Conservation
Suspended particulate matter
Wastewater
Wastewater treatment
Water pollution
Water purification
Water Quality/Water Pollution
Water supply
Water treatment
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Summary:The contamination of water is a significant problem globally, for the spreading of pathogens and parasites causing infectious diseases, and the chemicals might be non-innocuous in the total environment. Indeed, the increased levels of metals and varied pollutants, pesticide residues, and industrial effluents in wastewaters are potentially hazardous enough to disrupt the biochemical processes of biota including humans, with eventual variations in enzyme activities and pathways, causing non-communicable diseases. The protection of national water supplies is the call of the day. The chemical methods of water purification have several undesirable side effects from the specially added compounds; the holistic removal of particulate matter with pathogens, parasites, and contaminants from effluents is achieved by physical, chemical, and biological methods in the wastewater treatment technologies that are most viable. An overview of sources and several ways of treating wastewater is given with highlights on the benefits and drawbacks of the various available technologies. Graphical abstract
ISSN:0049-6979
1573-2932
DOI:10.1007/s11270-023-06431-4