Vector indices and metrological factors associated with dengue fever outbreak in Punjab, Pakistan

Dengue fever (DF) is a major public health concern in the Pakistan, and has been a significant cause of hospitalizations and deaths among males and females of all ages. Dengue viruses and their mosquito vectors are sensitive to their environment and temperature, rainfall and time of day have well-de...

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Published in:Environment, development and sustainability development and sustainability, 2023-09, Vol.25 (9), p.9839-9850
Main Authors: Akram, Muhammad Irfan, Akram, Waseem, Qayyoum, Muhammad Asif, Rana, Adeela Anwar, Yasin, Muhammad, Saddiq, Bushra
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Control programs
Dengue fever
Dengue hemorrhagic fever
Disease transmission
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecology
Economic Geology
Economic Growth
Environment
Environmental Economics
Environmental Management
High risk
Humidity
Information technology
Metrology
Mosquitoes
Outbreaks
Public health
Rainfall
Relative humidity
Sustainable Development
Time of day
Time of use
Vector-borne diseases
Vectors
Viral diseases
Viruses
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Summary:Dengue fever (DF) is a major public health concern in the Pakistan, and has been a significant cause of hospitalizations and deaths among males and females of all ages. Dengue viruses and their mosquito vectors are sensitive to their environment and temperature, rainfall and time of day have well-defined roles in the transmission cycle. Therefore changes in these conditions may contribute to increasing incidence. The present study was planned to investigate the impact of meteorological factors (rain fall, temperature and humidity) and vector indices ((container index (CI) and Breteau index (BI)) on the DF cases reported from three large and populated cities, Lahore (LHR), Faisalabad (FSD) and Rawalpindi (RWP), Punjab, Pakistan during 2017–2018. Dengue fever cases were recorded by visiting the study stations and cross-checked with data from the Punjab Information Technology Board (PITB), Lahore. Metrological data of FSD, LHR and RWP were obtained from the Pakistan Metrological Department (PMD). Most of the DF cases were reported after 62.5–106.5 mm rainfall, 22.1–30.25 °C temperature, and 53.5–73.5% relative humidity (r.h.) from FSD, LHR and RWP. CI and BI were significantly correlated ( P  
ISSN:1387-585X
1573-2975
DOI:10.1007/s10668-022-02462-9