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OP98 Associations between adherence to cancer prevention recommendations and risk of cancer: a cohort study within the UK Biobank

BackgroundThe World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) Cancer Prevention Recommendations are lifestyle-based recommendations updated in 2018 which aim to reduce cancer risk. In 2019, a standardised scoring system (‘2018 WCRF/AICR Score’) was published enable co...

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Published in:Journal of epidemiology and community health (1979) 2023-08, Vol.77 (Suppl 1), p.A48-A49
Main Authors: Sharp, Linda, Malcolmson, Fiona, Parra-Soto, Solange, Ho, Frederick, Lu, Liya, Celis-Morales, Carlos, Mathers, John
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:BackgroundThe World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF)/American Institute for Cancer Research (AICR) Cancer Prevention Recommendations are lifestyle-based recommendations updated in 2018 which aim to reduce cancer risk. In 2019, a standardised scoring system (‘2018 WCRF/AICR Score’) was published enable comparability across studies. This score has not yet been fully operationalised in the UK population. This study operationalised the 2018 WCRF/AICR Score to assess adherence to the recommendations, and investigated associations between the score and the risk of cancer, using data from UK Biobank.MethodsThe study cohort included 94,778 UK Biobank participants (53% female, mean age 56 years) who were free from cancer at baseline and for whom all data were available. Total adherence scores were derived from dietary, physical activity and body weight and data, and ranged from 0 to 7 points (with a higher score indicating greater adherence to the recommendations). Outcomes were all invasive cancers combined and 14 individual cancers for which there is strong evidence for links with diet, physical activity, and body weight: prostate, breast, colorectal, lung, uterine, liver, pancreatic, stomach, oesophageal, head and neck, ovarian, kidney, bladder, and gallbladder cancer. Associations between total score and cancer risk were investigated using Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for age, sex, deprivation index, ethnicity, and (where appropriate) smoking status.ResultsMean total adherence score was 3.8 (SD 1.0) points. During a median follow-up of 8 years, 7,296 individuals developed cancer. In multivariable analyses, total score was significantly inversely associated with the risk of all cancers combined (HR:0.93; 95% CI:0.90–0.95 per 1-point increment), as well as risk of breast (HR:0.90; 95% CI:0.86–0.95), colorectal (HR:0.90; 95% CI: 0.84–0.97), kidney (HR:0.82 [95% CI:0.72–0.94), oesophageal (HR:0.84 95% CI: 0.71–98), ovarian (HR:0.76; 95% CI: 0.65–0.90), liver (HR:0.78 95% CI:0.63–0.97) and gallbladder (HR:0.71; 95% CI:0.54–0.94) cancers.ConclusionGreater adherence to the lifestyle WCRF/AICR Cancer Prevention Recommendations was associated with reduced risk of all cancers combined and of specific lifestyle-related cancers, including breast and colorectal cancer, which are the first and fourth most common cancers in the UK, respectively. Our findings support compliance with the Cancer Prevention Recommendations for cancer prevention.
ISSN:0143-005X
1470-2738
DOI:10.1136/jech-2023-SSMabstracts.97