Colligative Properties of Solutions: I. Fixed Concentrations

Using the formalism of rigorous statistical mechanics, we study the phenomena of phase separation and freezing-point depression upon freezing of solutions. Specifically, we devise an Ising-based model of a solvent--solute system and show that, in the ensemble with a fixed amount of solute, a macrosc...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of statistical physics 2023-09, Vol.190 (Suppl 1), Article S3
Main Authors: Alexander, Kenneth S., Biskup, Marek, Chayes, Lincoln
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chemical potential
Freezing
Ising model
Mathematical and Computational Physics
Phase diagrams
Phase separation
Physical Chemistry
Physics
Quantum Physics
Solvents
Statistical mechanics
Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems
Theoretical
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Summary:Using the formalism of rigorous statistical mechanics, we study the phenomena of phase separation and freezing-point depression upon freezing of solutions. Specifically, we devise an Ising-based model of a solvent--solute system and show that, in the ensemble with a fixed amount of solute, a macroscopic phase separation occurs in an interval of values of the chemical potential of the solvent. The boundaries of the phase separation domain in the phase diagram are characterized and shown to asymptotically agree with the formulas used in heuristic analyses of freezing-point depression. The limit of infinitesimal concentrations is described in a subsequent paper.
ISSN:0022-4715
1572-9613
DOI:10.1007/s10955-004-3016-7