Adsorptive performance of modified CoFe2O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles for removal of toxic Cd (II) from aqueous solutions and study their kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamic, and reusability

• Published in: Journal of the Iranian Chemical Society 2023-12, Vol.20 (12), p.3009-3022
• Main Authors: Salih, Shalaw K., Ali, Layth I. Abd, Omar, Karzan A., Mustafa, Rebaz M.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adsorption; Adsorptivity; Analytical Chemistry; Aqueous solutions; Biochemistry; Cadmium; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Cobalt ferrites; Inorganic Chemistry; Isotherms; Nanoparticles; Organic Chemistry; Original Paper; Physical Chemistry; Silicon dioxide; Sodium dodecyl sulfate; Thermodynamics
• ISSN: 1735-207X; 1735-2428
• DOI: 10.1007/s13738-023-02893-9

In this work, the adsorption capacities of CoFe 2 O 4 magnetic nanoparticles were enhanced successfully by modifying coated-CoFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 magnetic nanoparticles with sodium dodecyl sulfate and dithiooxamide and became CoFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 –SDS–DTO magnetic nanoparticles. The CoFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 –SDS–DTO magnetic nanoparticles were characterized using FESEM, TEM, VSM, BET, TG-DTG, and FTIR techniques. The CoFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 –SDS–DTO magnetic nanoparticles were used as an adsorbent for the removal of cadmium ions in the aqueous solution. The CoFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 –SDS–DTO magnetic nanoparticles demonstrated high capability to remove cadmium ions in the aqueous solution under optimum conditions, such as pH = 6; dosage = 50 mg; time = 30 min; T  = 298 K. Furthermore, the Langmuir isotherm model was found to be more suitable for describing the adsorption of cadmium ions onto CoFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 –SDS–DTO magnetic nanoparticles compared to the Freundlich and Temkin isotherm models. The optimum adsorption capacity for CoFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 –SDS–DTO magnetic nanoparticles at 298 K was observed to be 350.08 mg/g. The thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption of cadmium ions onto CoFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 –SDS–DTO magnetic nanoparticles was a spontaneous process. Moreover, the kinetic studies were performed on the adsorption of cadmium ions onto CoFe 2 O 4 @SiO 2 –SDS–DTO magnetic nanoparticles, and the experimental data demonstrated a proper fit with the pseudo-second order model, which confirms the adsorption capacity of the pseudo-second-order model.