Effect of nanofiller concentration on the density and void content of natural fiber-reinforced epoxy composites

In natural fiber polymer composites (NFPCs), void formation is a typical issue that degrades the composite physical and mechanical properties and limits their uses in aerospace, automobiles, construction, and marine applications. This study uses 50-nm-sized alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and magnesia (MgO) nan...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biomass conversion and biorefinery 2024-04, Vol.14 (7), p.8661-8670
Main Authors: Amjad, Adnan, Anjang, A., Abidin, M. Shukur Zainol
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aluminum oxide
Biotechnology
Energy
Epoxy resins
Fiber composites
Fiber reinforced polymers
Fiber volume fraction
Flax
Interfacial bonding
Jute
Laminates
Magnesium oxide
Mechanical properties
Original Article
Physical properties
Polymer matrix composites
Renewable and Green Energy
Theoretical density
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Summary:In natural fiber polymer composites (NFPCs), void formation is a typical issue that degrades the composite physical and mechanical properties and limits their uses in aerospace, automobiles, construction, and marine applications. This study uses 50-nm-sized alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) and magnesia (MgO) nanofillers with epoxy resin to manufacture flax/PLA and jute composites by vacuum bagging technique. The Al 2 O 3 and MgO nanofiller loading in epoxy composites ranged from 0 to 4 wt.% with a 1 wt.% gap. SEM was utilized to examine the morphology and interfacial bonding of the fiber matrix in composites. As the nanofiller loading in the composites grew, the fiber volume fraction decreased with the increase in the density and void content %. MgO filled laminates have shown higher void content than Al 2 O 3 filled laminates due to their low theoretical density, which is inversely proportional to the voids content percentage. Jute-reinforced laminates have shown less fiber volume fraction and higher void content than flax/PLA-reinforced laminates due to the jute fiber’s high density. The SEM images of the generated laminates show voids, cracks, fiber breakage, bending, and pull-out moieties.
ISSN:2190-6815
2190-6823
DOI:10.1007/s13399-022-02839-w