Elimination of organic contaminants from water by microporous carbon fiber aerogel obtained from cotton

In this study, carbon fiber aerogel (CFA) was prepared by controlled pyrolysis of cotton at 800 °C in flowing N 2 for 90 min and subsequent chemical treatment by 2 M potassium hydroxide and further carbonization. The fabricated CFA was characterized using different techniques such as FESEM, FTIR, XR...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Polymer bulletin (Berlin, Germany) Germany), 2024-04, Vol.81 (5), p.4477-4498
Main Authors: Hosseini Talari, M., Salman Tabrizi, N., Halek, F. S., Babaeipour, V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Activated carbon
Adsorbents
Adsorption
Aerogels
Biomass
Carbon fibers
Cellulose
Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
Chemical treatment
Chemistry
Chemistry and Materials Science
Complex Fluids and Microfluidics
Contaminants
Cotton
Environmental impact
Equilibrium
Fourier transforms
Hydrochloric acid
Methylene blue
Nitrophenol
Organic Chemistry
Organic contaminants
Original Paper
Physical Chemistry
Pollutants
Polymer Sciences
Potash
Potassium
Potassium hydroxides
Pyrolysis
Raw materials
Room temperature
Soft and Granular Matter
Temperature
Textiles
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Summary:In this study, carbon fiber aerogel (CFA) was prepared by controlled pyrolysis of cotton at 800 °C in flowing N 2 for 90 min and subsequent chemical treatment by 2 M potassium hydroxide and further carbonization. The fabricated CFA was characterized using different techniques such as FESEM, FTIR, XRD, BET, and BJH. The results showed that the specific surface area of CFA was 1109 m 2 /g and the structure was microporous with an average pore diameter of 2 nm and pore volume of 0.57 (cm 3 /g). The aerogel was then applied as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) and p-nitrophenol (PNP) as organic pollutant models from water. Various parameters like initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, and solution pH were examined to investigate the adsorption behavior. The equilibrium data of MB adsorption followed the Langmuir model with a maximum capacity (q max ) of 256.41 mg/g while the PNP data conformed to the Freundlich isotherm model with a q max of 192.30 mg/g at room temperature. The kinetic of both pollutants followed the pseudo-second-order model. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the adsorption of MB was endothermic (ΔH° ~ 6.25 kJ/mol) while the PNP adsorption was exothermic (ΔH° ~  − 3.61 kJ/mol). The values of ΔG° and ΔH° suggested that the adsorption was of physical nature. Graphical abstract
ISSN:0170-0839
1436-2449
DOI:10.1007/s00289-023-04919-x