Recycling Waste Materials to Fabricate Solar-Driven Self-Cleaning Geopolymers

The design of photocatalytic building materials based on geopolymers (GPs) through recycling industrial by-products is an up-and-coming technology that provide durability during environmental exposure. Thus, this work aimed to design, fabricate, and characterized photocatalytic geopolymers based on...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Waste and biomass valorization 2024-05, Vol.15 (5), p.2833-2843
Main Authors: Luévano-Hipólito, E., Torres-Martínez, Leticia M., Rodríguez-González, E.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air pollution
Aluminosilicates
Aluminum silicates
Building materials
By products
Byproducts
Circular economy
Cleaning
Construction materials
Design
Design optimization
Engineering
Environment
Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology
Fabrication
Fly ash
Free radicals
Geopolymers
Hydroxyl radicals
Industrial pollution
Industrial Pollution Prevention
Industrial wastes
Irradiation
Light irradiation
Nanoparticles
Original Paper
Photocatalysis
Pollutants
Recycling
Renewable and Green Energy
Signal to noise ratio
Slag
Titanium dioxide
Waste Management/Waste Technology
Waste materials
Zeolites
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Summary:The design of photocatalytic building materials based on geopolymers (GPs) through recycling industrial by-products is an up-and-coming technology that provide durability during environmental exposure. Thus, this work aimed to design, fabricate, and characterized photocatalytic geopolymers based on recycling industrial wastes (slags and fly ash) and TiO 2 nanoparticles to propose a strategy to contribute to a circular economy. Taguchi L 9 orthogonal design was used to optimize the formulation of GPs to obtain higher self-cleaning efficiency under solar light irradiation. The factors modified during the GPs fabrication were %TiO 2 , %fly ash, and temperature. The main products of the slag activation were calcium aluminosilicate hydrate and Zeolite X. The self-cleaning efficiency of the GPs was optimized through the signal-to-noise ratio (S/N): Larger is better, which conditions were 3 wt% of TiO 2 , 300 °C, and no-fly ash. After 3 days of solar light exposure, the optimal GP removes up to 88.4% of the pollutant from its surface, which evidences its self-cleaning activity under real outdoor conditions. Also, the GP fabricated under the optimal conditions generated hydroxyl radicals under solar light, which can open a window of possibilities to remove a wide range of atmospheric pollutants by recycling industrial by-products. Graphical abstract
ISSN:1877-2641
1877-265X
DOI:10.1007/s12649-023-02309-y