Energy and Exergy Transfer Diagrams for Visualising Flows in Process Systems

This paper develops a new Exergy Transfer Diagram (ExTD), as an extension of the Energy Transfer Diagram (ETD), to enable the visualisation of both energy and exergy flows within a processing system. Based on Pinch Analysis, the ETD comprises regions in the temperature-enthalpy plot corresponding to...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Process integration and optimization for sustainability 2024-07, Vol.8 (3), p.759-773
Main Author: Walmsley, Timothy Gordon
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cogeneration
Cold
Economics and Management
Efficiency
Energy
Energy conservation
Energy Policy
Energy transfer
Engineering
Enthalpy
Exergy
Fossil fuels
Greenhouse gases
Heat exchangers
Heat pumps
Heat recovery systems
Heat transfer
High temperature
Industrial and Production Engineering
Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering
Industrial plants
Original Research Paper
Pulp & paper mills
Retrofitting
Sustainable Development
Temperature
Temperature requirements
Thermodynamics
Waste Management/Waste Technology
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Summary:This paper develops a new Exergy Transfer Diagram (ExTD), as an extension of the Energy Transfer Diagram (ETD), to enable the visualisation of both energy and exergy flows within a processing system. Based on Pinch Analysis, the ETD comprises regions in the temperature-enthalpy plot corresponding to the individual heat transfer operations. The position of each operation on the plot provides significant insight into the possible energy savings via retrofit. The ExTD complements the ETD and expresses the exergy flows, enabling the direct targeting of the minimum exergy input to the system and the component-level contributions to total exergy destruction and loss. The ExTD construction uses a Problem Table-based method to provide robust targets for the total exergy destruction of a system. Both the ETD and ExTD tools are demonstrated using an industrial case study of a milk dryer system. Three different utility structures are analysed using the tool including a conventional steam system, a steam system with cogeneration, and a high-temperature heat pump with a supplementary boiler. The results show that the heat pump option achieves the lowest minimum exergy input (4.5 MW x or 1.62 GJ x /t) for the system, which represents a 15% reduction in the exergy requirement of the process and, if powered by low GHG-emissions electricity, could achieve a 90% reduction in fossil fuel use and GHG footprint.
ISSN:2509-4238
2509-4246
DOI:10.1007/s41660-023-00384-1