Fabrication of Nanostructured Surfaces Towards the Prevention of Hospital-Acquired Infection

• Published in: Journal of cluster science 2024-08, Vol.35 (6), p.1687-1707
• Main Authors: Paikra, Sanjeev Kumar, Bauri, Samir, Mishra, Monalisa
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antimicrobial agents; Bacteria; Bacterial infections; Biocompatibility; Biofilms; Biomedical materials; Catalysis; Chemical etching; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; E coli; Electron beam lithography; Food contamination & poisoning; Hospitals; Inorganic Chemistry; Laser beams; Medical devices; Medical electronics; Medical equipment; Medical materials; Medical technology; Metabolism; Nanochemistry; Nanocomposites; Nanomaterials; Nanoparticles; Nanostructure; Nosocomial infections; Oxidation resistance; Physical Chemistry; Physiology; Protective coatings; Review Paper; Surface properties; Surgical implants; Titanium; Toxicity; Transplants & implants
• ISSN: 1040-7278; 1572-8862
• DOI: 10.1007/s10876-024-02652-7

Hospital-acquired infections are a marked burden on the healthcare system and the leading cause of death in hospitals. Medical devices and implants contribute significantly to the infection because it has direct contact with the patient body cavity. To solve this issue surface of the devices needs to be modified for efficient functioning. To achieve different surface properties advanced surface modification strategies like plasma-assisted surface modification, plasmonic lithography, nanopatterning by laser beam or electron beam, and chemical etching oxidation can be used. Nanostructure inhibits bacterial growth without causing toxicity or the least toxicity to the surrounding tissue in the human body. The current review summarizes the numerous surface modification strategies adopted for developing novel nanostructured surfaces with more emphasis on titanium-based nanostructure in medical devices along with a brief review of the bactericidal mechanism. This review also sheds some light on the biomedical importance of polymeric and Inorganic nanocomposite materials with their biocompatibility and toxicity profile. Graphical Abstract Highlights Surface modulation of medical devices reduces the chance of infection by inhibiting the growth of harmful microbes. The nanostructured surface of titanium discourages bacterial growth. Inorganic and polymeric nanocomposite structures can be used in the fabrication of medical device surface. Biocompatibility of the nanostructured surface.