Models for analysing the economic impact of ore sorting, using ROC curves

• Published in: Journal of the South African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy 2024-07, Vol.124 (7), p.397-406
• Main Authors: Drumond, A., Rodrigues, A.L., Costa, J.F.C.L., Niquini, F.G., Lemos, M.G.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Classification; Data acquisition; Data analysis; Economic impact; Economic models; Gangue; Impact analysis; Machine learning; Physical properties; Real time; Sorting algorithms
• ISSN: 2225-6253; 0038-223X; 2411-9717
• DOI: 10.17159/2411-9717/3186/2024

The past decade has seen a renewed possibility of using machine learning algorithms to solve a large collection of problems in several fields. Data acquisition for mining operations has increased with the growth in sensor-based technologies, and therefore the amount of information available for mining applications has dramatically increased. Ore sorting equipment is available for separating ore from waste based on differences in physical properties detected by a real-time analyser. The separation efficiency depends on the contrast in these properties. In this study we investigate the application of machine learning models trained using data from the output of a dual-energy X-ray ore sorting apparatus at a gold mine. The particles were first hand-sorted into ore and gangue classes based on their mineralogical composition. Classification models were then used to help decide the balance between the number of true and false positives for ore in the concentrate, with a view to economic parameters, using their receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves. The results showed AUC (area under the ROC curve) scores of up to 0.85 for the classification models and a maximum reward condition Fpr/Tpr around 0.5/0.9 for a simplified economic model.