Dual‐Functional LiCl Additive for Highly Reversible Zinc Metal Anode

• Published in: Advanced functional materials 2024-12, Vol.34 (51), p.n/a
• Main Authors: Song, Yang, Liu, Yongduo, Long, Daojun, Tao, Xiongxin, Luo, Shijian, Yang, Yuran, Chen, Hao, Wang, Meng, Chen, Siguo, Wei, Zidong
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anodes; dendrite‐free Zn anode; Deposition; Dimethyl acetamide; Electrolytes; Electrostatic shielding; Manganese dioxide; Mass transfer; Modulation; non‐protonic electrolyte; Solvation; solvation structure; Stability; Zinc; Zinc chloride; zinc‐ion batteries; ZnCl3
• ISSN: 1616-301X; 1616-3028
• DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202410305

Zinc metal has emerged as a promising candidate for high‐capacity and low‐cost anodes in aqueous zinc‐ion batteries; nevertheless, it encounters serious obstacles, including low cycling stability and poor reversibility, caused by parasitic reactions and the formation of zinc dendrites. Herein, the study proposes a novel nonprotonic dimethylacetamide (DMAC)/ZnCl2/LiCl electrolyte that enables both solvation structural modulation of [ZnClx]2‐x and the cationic electrostatic shielding effect of [Li(DMAC)]+ by controlling the concentration of LiCl. The optimal concentration of LiCl electrolyte (0.28 m), which results in the highest ratio of [ZnCl3]−, strikes a balance between low desolvation energy and a high mass transfer rate while promoting homoepitaxial deposition of Zn (002). Moreover, inert [Li(DMAC)]+ ions, which possess a lower reduction potential, preferentially adsorb onto zinc protrusions, mitigating the tip effect. Leveraging electrolyte engineering, the zinc deposition/stripping process results in impressive long‐term stability, surpassing 2,800 cycles, and the Zn||MnO2 cell also achieves a stable lifespan extending beyond 1400 cycles. The research highlights the potential of LiCl as an additive in the modulation of water‐free electrolytes. A novel non‐protonic DMAC/ZnCl2/LiCl electrolyte that enables both solvation structural modulation of [ZnClx]2‐x and cationic electrostatic shielding effect of [Li(DMAC)]+ by controlling CLiCl. The optimal CLiCl electrolyte (0.28 m), strikes a balance between low de‐solvation energy and high mass transfer rate while promoting homo‐epitaxial deposition of Zn (002).