Binding energy referencing in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

Binding energy ( B E ) referencing is critical to the reliability of chemical analysis performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Although the procedure is straightforward for metallic samples, no universal solution is available for insulators, wherein a build-up of positive charge during photoe...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature reviews. Materials 2025-01, Vol.10 (1), p.62-78
Main Authors: Greczynski, Grzegorz, Hultman, Lars
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
639/301/930/12
639/638/542/971
Analytical chemistry
Binding energy
Biomaterials
Chemical analysis
Chemical bonds
Chemistry and Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Configuration management
Criteria
Electric contacts
Insulators
Materials Science
Nanotechnology
Optical and Electronic Materials
Perspective
Photoelectric emission
Photoelectrons
Referencing
Reliability
Spectroscopic analysis
Spectrum analysis
Work functions
X ray photoelectron spectroscopy
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