A simple view of reading analysis of Spanish-speaking multi-language learners and proficient English speakers

Shifting demographics in K-12 schools have increased Spanish-speaking Multi-Language Learners’ (MLLs’) enrollment across the United States. While literacy variations between MLLs and proficient English speakers have been studied predominantly with upper elementary students, there remains a need for...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Reading & writing 2025-05, Vol.38 (5), p.1217-1239
Main Authors:	Popoola, Ifeoluwa A., McClain, Janna Brown, Farris, Emily A., Odegard, Timothy N.
Format:	Article
Language:	English
Subjects:	Academic achievement Access to education Competence Comprehension Decoding Demography Early literacy Education Educational attainment Educational Needs Elementary school students Elementary schools Elementary Secondary Education English as a second language English language English proficiency Enrollments Kindergarten Language Language acquisition Language and Literature Linguistics Listening comprehension Literacy Literacy skills Membership Multilingualism Neurology Phonemic awareness Phonetics Phonological awareness Prioritizing Profiles Psycholinguistics Skills Social Sciences Spanish language States Students Vocabulary Vocabulary Skills Written language
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