Attention and memory biases toward body-related images among restrained eaters

• Published in: Body image 2012-09, Vol.9 (4), p.503-509
• Main Authors: Jiang, Michelle Y.W., Vartanian, Lenny R.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Attention; Attentional bias; Body Image; Cues; Culture; Diet, Reducing - psychology; Dietary restraint; Eye Movements; Eyetracking; Female; Humans; Memory bias; Mental Recall; New South Wales; Overweight - psychology; Recognition (Psychology); Thinness - psychology; Visual Perception; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1740-1445; 1873-6807
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2012.06.007

► Attention and memory were assessed using an eyetracker and a recognition test. ► Restrained and unrestrained eaters attended more to images of bodies than to control images. ► Restrained (vs. unrestrained) eaters showed better recognition for images of bodies. ► Attention to images of bodies was positively associated with recognition. This study examined biases in attention and memory toward body-related images among restrained (n=31) and unrestrained (n=29) eaters. Attentional allocation to images of thin and overweight bodies during a visual search task was measured by tracking participants’ eyegaze. This task was followed by a recognition test assessing participants’ memory for those images. Restrained and unrestrained eaters allocated more attention to body-related images than to control images, but there was no difference in attentional allocation between the two groups. Restrained eaters showed better recognition of body-related images that they had previously seen during the visual search task. Finally, increased attention was associated with better recognition of body-related images for both restrained and unrestrained eaters, but restrained eaters had better overall recognition regardless of the level of attention. These findings suggest that restrained eaters may have more organized strategies for processing body-related information than do unrestrained eaters.