Trypanosoma cruzi III from armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus novemcinctus) from Northeastern Venezuela and its biological behavior in murine model. Risk of emergency of Chagas’ disease

• Published in: Experimental parasitology 2012-11, Vol.132 (3), p.341-347
• Main Authors: Morocoima, Antonio, Carrasco, Hernán J., Boadas, Johanna, Chique, José David, Herrera, Leidi, Urdaneta-Morales, Servio
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: animal models; Animals; Armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus novemcinctus); Armadillos - parasitology; Chagas Disease - epidemiology; Chagas Disease - parasitology; Chagas Disease - veterinary; Dasypus; Dasypus novemcinctus; Disease Models, Animal; Disease Reservoirs; education programs; environmental education; etiological agents; Female; geographical distribution; Male; Mice; mortality; myocytes; parasitemia; parasitism; parasitology; PCR–RFLP; polymerase chain reaction; Polymerase Chain Reaction - veterinary; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; restriction fragment length polymorphism; risk; rural communities; TcIII; tourism; Triatominae; Trypanosoma cruzi; Trypanosoma cruzi - classification; Trypanosoma cruzi - genetics; Trypanosoma cruzi - isolation & purification; Trypanosoma cruzi - physiology; Venezuela; Venezuela - epidemiology
• ISSN: 0014-4894; 1090-2449
• DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.08.008

[Display omitted] ► First report of Trypanosoma cruzi from armadillos - Dasypus novemcintus novemcinctus - from Northeastern Venezuelan states. ► First report of DTU TcIII by PCR–RFLP in the same states. ► The isolates were biologically heterogeneous. ► Risk of emergency of Chagas’ disease in Island Margarita (Nueva Esparta State) major touristic area. Trypanosoma cruzi, etiological agent of Chagas’ disease, was isolated from armadillos (Dasypus novemcinctus novemcinctus) captured in rural communities Northeastern Venezuela from Nueva Esparta State (no endemic for Chagas’ disease), Monagas and Anzoátegui States (endemics). The isolates, genetically typed by PCR–RFLP as belonging to the TcIII DTU, have demonstrated in murine model heterogenic parasitemia, mortality and histotropism with marked parasitism in cardiac, skeletal, and smooth myocytes that showed correlation with lymphobasophilic inflammatory infiltrates. Our finding of T. cruzi infected armadillos in Isla Margarita (Nueva Esparta State), together with reports of triatomine vectors in this region, the accentuated synanthropy of armadillos, intense economic activity, migration due to tourism and the lack of environmental education programs all of them represent risks that could cause the emergence of Chagas’ disease in this area. This is the first report of the TcIII DTU in Northeastern Venezuela, thus widening the geographic distribution of this DTU.