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Emulating Riverine Landscape Controls of Beaver in Stream Restoration

ABSTRACT Stream and floodplain restoration at the reach scale has ranged from expensive, heavy‐handed modification of the channel and floodplain to simple, longer‐term revegetation efforts. We have developed and implemented a simple approach that emulates the ecosystem engineering effects of beaver....

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Fisheries 2012-06, Vol.37 (6), p.246-255
Main Authors: DeVries, Paul, Fetherston, Kevin L., Vitale, Angelo, Madsen, Sue
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:ABSTRACT Stream and floodplain restoration at the reach scale has ranged from expensive, heavy‐handed modification of the channel and floodplain to simple, longer‐term revegetation efforts. We have developed and implemented a simple approach that emulates the ecosystem engineering effects of beaver. This approach is less expensive and disruptive than typical large‐scale engineering efforts and has the potential to restore both fish habitat and floodplain vegetation more rapidly than simply revegetating and waiting for the riparian zone to mature. The approach involves constructing log flow‐choke structures that mimic the hydraulic function of a natural beaver dam during flooding. By placing these structures throughout a naturally entrenched stream reach at locations promoting increased frequency of flood connection with floodplain swales and relict channels, we set the stage to restore the riparian corridor and floodplain more quickly than could be achieved through revegetation alone. Monitoring shows that within just one to two years of implementation, beaver are building more persistent dams in close proximity to our structures, and we are seeing increased hydraulic connectivity with the floodplain. Our technique may therefore provide a cost‐effective, natural process‐based restoration tool with potential large‐scale benefits. RESUMEN El gradiente de restauración ribereña y de planicies de inundación puede ir desde una importante modificación artificial de canales y llanuras inundables, hasta esfuerzos de reforestación a largo plazo. En este estudio se desarrolló e implementó un enfoque que emula los efectos a nivel de ecosistema que tienen las construcciones hechas por los castores. Este enfoque es menos costoso e invasivo que los típicos esfuerzos de ingeniería a gran escala, y tiene el potencial de poder restaurar tanto el hábitat de los peces como la vegetación de las planicies de inundación más rápidamente que la práctica de sólo reforestar y esperar a que el área ribereña madure por sí misma. Este enfoque consiste en la construcción de estructuras hechas a base de troncos que controlan el flujo de agua, emulando la función hidráulica de las presas construidas por los castores. La colocación de dichas estructuras en lugares donde el agua se confina de forma natural a lo largo de sitios que promueven la comunicación con canales tributarios y llanuras de inundación, representa la infraestructura que sirve para restaurar el corredor ribereño y las plan
ISSN:0363-2415
1548-8446
1548-8675
DOI:10.1080/03632415.2012.687263