Current Status of Genetic Studies of Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency in Dogs

Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is a disorder wherein the pancreas fails to secrete adequate amounts of digestive enzymes. In dogs, EPI is usually the consequence of an autoimmune disease known as pancreatic acinar atrophy. Originally believed to be a simple autosomal recessive disorder, a t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Topics in companion animal medicine 2012-08, Vol.27 (3), p.109-112
Main Authors: Clark, Leigh Anne, Cox, Melissa L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
alleles
Animals
atrophy
autoimmune disease
Breeding
canine
digestive enzymes
disease course
disease prevention
Dog Diseases - genetics
Dogs
environmental factors
exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency - enzymology
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency - genetics
Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency - veterinary
Female
gene expression
Genes, Recessive - genetics
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Genetic Variation
genetics
German Shepherd
inheritance (genetics)
loci
major histocompatibility complex
Male
medicine
Mutation
Pancreas
pancreatic acinar atrophy
Pedigree
pets
purebreds
Studies
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Summary:Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) is a disorder wherein the pancreas fails to secrete adequate amounts of digestive enzymes. In dogs, EPI is usually the consequence of an autoimmune disease known as pancreatic acinar atrophy. Originally believed to be a simple autosomal recessive disorder, a test-breeding recently revealed that EPI has a more complex mode of inheritance. The contributions of multiple genes, combined with environmental factors, may explain observed variability in clinical presentation and progression of this disease. Research efforts aim to identify genetic variations underlying EPI to assist breeders in their efforts to eliminate this disease from their breed and provide clinicians with new targets for therapeutic intervention and/or disease prevention. Genome-wide linkage, global gene expression, and candidate gene analyses have failed to identify a major locus or genetic variations in German Shepherd Dogs with EPI. Recently, genome-wide association studies revealed numerous genomic regions associated with EPI. Current studies are focused on alleles of the canine major histocompatibility complex. In this article we review findings from scientific investigations into the inheritance and genetic cause(s) of EPI in the purebred dog.
ISSN:1938-9736
1946-9837
1876-7613
DOI:10.1053/j.tcam.2012.04.001