Towards sustainable production of clean energy carriers from biomass resources

► Review of various biomass types, including first-generation, second-generation, and third-generation feedstock. ► Review of various transformation methods for conversion of biomass. ► Review of various clean energy carriers, including bioethanol, biodiesels, biogas, biohydrogen, biobutanol, and ot...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied energy 2012-12, Vol.100, p.172-186
Main Authors: Srirangan, Kajan, Akawi, Lamees, Moo-Young, Murray, Chou, C. Perry
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Biochemical conversions
Biofuels
Biomass
bioprocessing
biorefining
Clean energy
cost effectiveness
Energy
energy requirements
Exact sciences and technology
Feedstock
feedstocks
Renewable energy
sustainable technology
transformation
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Summary:► Review of various biomass types, including first-generation, second-generation, and third-generation feedstock. ► Review of various transformation methods for conversion of biomass. ► Review of various clean energy carriers, including bioethanol, biodiesels, biogas, biohydrogen, biobutanol, and others. A great fraction of the world’s energy requirements are presently met through the unfettered use of fossil-derived fuels. However, due to the anticipated demise of these energy sources and the environmental and socioeconomic concerns associated with their use, a recent paradigm shift is to displace conventional fuels with renewable energy sources. Among various alternatives, biomasses have garnered tremendous interests as potential feedstock for clean energy production. While numerous biorefinery schemes and conversion technologies exist for the transformation of biomass into usable energy forms, they are not cost-efficient and economically viable to compete with the existing petroleum-refinery technologies. In particular, the recalcitrant nature of several feedstock presents a major technological obstacle for their processing and transformation. Providentially, the synergistic integration of various biochemical and bioprocessing technologies is aiding in the establishment of future biomass energy programs. This article reviews the state of the art and future challenges in the recent development of biomass and associated transformation technologies for clean production of biofuels.
ISSN:0306-2619
1872-9118
DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.05.012