Reconciling social interaction with habitat selection in territorial species

• Published in: Theory in biosciences = Theorie in den Biowissenschaften 2013-03, Vol.132 (1), p.41-46
• Main Authors: Scott, Thomas A., Lee, Pey-Yi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animal behavior; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Bioinformatics; Biology; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Cluster Analysis; Complex Systems; Ecosystem; Evolutionary Biology; Fitness; Habitat selection; Life Sciences; Mathematical and Computational Biology; Models, Theoretical; Original Paper; Philosophy of Biology; Population Dynamics; Social Behavior; Social interaction; Theoretical Ecology/Statistics
• ISSN: 1431-7613; 1611-7530
• DOI: 10.1007/s12064-012-0166-z

The concept of habitat selection as the primary force in clustered distributions has been challenged by behavioral studies of conspecific attraction. This has lead to two conflicting explanations for settlement behavior, which we have integrated into one model. This model creates a range of fitness outcomes for different settlement strategies, encompassing the four combinations of positive and negative effects of the habitat selection and social interaction. It expands the ideal free distribution models (negative intra-specific interactions and positive habitat selection), to consider alternative situations where (1) beneficial social interaction increases fitness for clustered pairs in poor quality habitat, (2) neither habitat selection nor conspecific attraction can improve fitness, and (3) where both are beneficial and do not interfere with each other. The model does this by establishing an intrinsic fitness, where the effects of both habitat selection ( h ) and conspecific attractions ( c ) are neutral ( h  =  c  = 1) and do not influence settlement. Clustered distributions occur when h  ·  c  > 1 because the fitness in clusters is greater than intrinsic fitness. Dispersed distributions occur when h  ·  c