A lowered salt intake does not compromise iodine status in Cape Town, South Africa, where salt iodization is mandatory

Abstract Objective Universal salt iodization is an effective strategy to optimize population-level iodine. At the same time as salt-lowering initiatives are encouraged globally, there is concern about compromised iodine intakes. This study investigated whether salt intakes at recommended levels resu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.) Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2013-04, Vol.29 (4), p.630-634
Main Authors: Charlton, Karen E., Ph.D, Jooste, Pieter L., Ph.D, Steyn, Krisela, M.B.Ch.B, Levitt, Naomi S., M.B.Ch.B, Ghosh, Abhijeet, M.B.B.S., M.Sc. (Pop Health)
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Antihypertensive Agents - therapeutic use
Biological and medical sciences
Blood pressure
Combined Modality Therapy - adverse effects
Councils
Diet
Diet, Sodium-Restricted - adverse effects
Excretion
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Female
Food
Food, Fortified
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Health Promotion
Humans
Hypertension
Hypertension - diet therapy
Hypertension - drug therapy
Hypertension - prevention & control
Hypertension - urine
Iodine
Iodine - administration & dosage
Iodine - deficiency
Iodine - urine
Male
Mandatory Programs
Median urinary iodine concentration
Mens health
Middle Aged
Nutritional Status
Processed foods
Salt
Salts
Sodium
Sodium - urine
Sodium Chloride, Dietary - administration & dosage
Soils
South Africa
Thyroid gland
Universal salt iodization
Urban Health
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
Womens health
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract Objective Universal salt iodization is an effective strategy to optimize population-level iodine. At the same time as salt-lowering initiatives are encouraged globally, there is concern about compromised iodine intakes. This study investigated whether salt intakes at recommended levels resulted in a suboptimal iodine status in a country where salt is the vehicle for iodine fortification. Methods Three 24-h urine samples were collected for the assessment of urinary sodium and one sample was taken for urinary iodine concentrations (UICs) in a convenience sample of 262 adult men and women in Cape Town, South Africa. Median UIC was compared across categories of sodium excretion equivalent to salt intakes lower than 5, 5 to 9, and greater than or equal to 9 g/d. Results The median UIC was 120 μg/L (interquartile range 75.3–196.3), indicating iodine sufficiency. Less one-fourth (23.2%) of subjects had urinary sodium excretion values within the desirable range (salt
ISSN:0899-9007
1873-1244
DOI:10.1016/j.nut.2012.09.010