Growth pattern alterations in fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, larvae after parasitization by Apanteles marginiventris, Campoletis grioti, Chelonus insularis, and Eiphosoma vitticole [Biological control]

• Published in: The Florida entomologist 1983-06, Vol.66 (2), p.260-266
• Main Author: Ashley, T.R
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Armyworms; Entomology; Frass; Insect larvae; Instars; Larvae; Larval development; Noctuidae; Parasite hosts; Parasites; Parasitism; Spodoptera frugiperda
• ISSN: 0015-4040; 1938-5102
• DOI: 10.2307/3494250

Parasitization of fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith), larvae by Apanteles marginiventris (Cresson), Campoletis grioti (Blanchard), Chelonus insularis Cresson, and Eiphosoma vitticole Cresson reduced maximum larval weights by 97, 96, 70, and 62%, respectively compared to 6th instar nonparasitized larvae. Parasitized larvae produced significantly less frass and had smaller head capsule widths. Parasitization increased the duration of the instar during which the parasite destroyed its host. Apanteles marginiventris and C. grioti destroyed host larvae in the 4th instar and larvae parasitized by E. vitticole died in the 5th instar. Eggs parasitized by C. insularis were destroyed as larvae in the 4th (41%) and 5th (59%) instars. Larvae parasitized by A. marginiventris gained the least amount of weight, produced the least amount of frass, had the shortest life expectancy, did not live past the 4th instar, and had the smallest head capsule widths. /// El parasitismo de las larvas de Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) por Apanteles marginiventris (Cresson), Campoletis grioti (Blanchard), Chelonus insularis Cresson y Eiphosoma vitticole Cresson redujeron los pesos máximos de las larvas por 97, 96, 70 y 62%, respectivamente, en comparisión con las larvas del sexto instar no infestadas por parásitos. Las larvas parasitadas produjeron menos materia fecal y tuvieron las cápsulas de las cabezas mas pequeños. El parasitismo aumentó la duración del instar durante lo cual el parásito destruyó su hospedera. Apanteles marginiventris y C. grioti destruyeron las larvas de las hospederas en el cuarto instar y las larvas parasitadas por E. vitticole se murieron en el quinto instar. Los individuos parasitados en el estadio del huevo por C. insularis fueron destruidos como larvas en el quarto instar (41%) y en el quinto (59%) instar. Las larvas parasitadas por A. marginiventris ganaron el menos peso, produjeron menos cantidad de materia fecal, tuvieron el indice de longevidad más corto, no vivieron más que el cuarto instar, y tuvieron menos anchura de la cápsula de la cabeza.