Molecular Aspects of Drug Photosensitivity With Special Emphasis on Psoralen Photosensitization Reaction

Photosensitization reactions involve phototoxic reactions and photoallergic reactions, which are less common. Common drugs and chemicals that photosensitize humans are listed. Phototoxic reactions include the following: 1) direct photosensitization (type I reactions), in which the reactions of the t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:JNCI : Journal of the National Cancer Institute 1982-07, Vol.69 (1), p.163-170
Main Author: Pathak, M A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
DNA - metabolism
Ficusin - metabolism
Ficusin - toxicity
Free Radicals
Furocoumarins - toxicity
Humans
Light - adverse effects
Oxygen - metabolism
Photochemistry
Photosensitivity Disorders - etiology
Superoxides - metabolism
Ultraviolet Rays - adverse effects
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Summary:Photosensitization reactions involve phototoxic reactions and photoallergic reactions, which are less common. Common drugs and chemicals that photosensitize humans are listed. Phototoxic reactions include the following: 1) direct photosensitization (type I reactions), in which the reactions of the triplet-state sensitizer are directly attributable to a component other than oxygen (e.g., DNA, proteins, and cell membranes), and 2) indirect photosensitization (type II reactions), in which the triplet state of a sensitizer reacts first with molecular oxygen, producing an “active oxygen” intermediate that subsequently reacts with the biologic system. The active oxygen intermediates are singlet oxygen (1O2), Superoxide radical anions (), and hydroxy radicals. Psoralen-induced skin photosensitization appears to involve both type I and type II reactions. The formation of monofunctional and bifunctional psoralen-DNA photoadducts (a type I reaction) is probably responsible for cell damage, cell death, mutation, and even skin carcinogenesis. The erythema response appears to be the result of a type II reaction.
ISSN:0027-8874
1460-2105
DOI:10.1093/jnci/69.1.163